Xref: news3.cis.umn.edu comp.unix.unixware:22734 comp.unix.sys5.r4:10974 news.answers:39312 comp.answers:10441 Newsgroups: comp.unix.unixware,comp.unix.sys5.r4,news.answers,comp.answers Path: umn.edu!lynx.unm.edu!jobone!newsxfer.itd.umich.edu!gatech!howland.reston.ans.net!news.sprintlink.net!uunet!molly!vlcek From: vlcek@byteware.com (James Vlcek) Subject: comp.unix.unixware Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list Message-ID: Followup-To: comp.unix.unixware Summary: Answers to questions frequently asked about Novell's UnixWare product Supersedes: Reply-To: vlcek@byteware.com (James Vlcek) Organization: The Black Box of Lowertown Date: Fri, 10 Mar 1995 05:03:03 GMT Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu Expires: Fri, 7 Apr 1995 05:02:54 GMT Lines: 3246 Archive-name: unix-faq/unixware/general Last-modified: Sun Jan 22 22:56:49 CST 1995 Version: 1.6 comp.unix.unixware Frequently Asked Questions List Introduction This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list for the Usenet newsgroup comp.unix.unixware and the Univel mailing list (univel-request@telly.on.ca). This FAQ is posted to comp.unix.unixware and related groups, including news.answers and comp.answers, roughly once a month. Readers of this FAQ with access to the Internet should be able to find this document archived in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu and available by anonymous ftp. The location of this FAQ is: ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/unix-faq/unixware/general Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) versions of this document may be found at the following locations: http://photobooks.gatech.edu/ ftp://www.calvacom.fr/Unixware/ This FAQ may also be obtained by email from the Novell UK mail server by the the following method: * Send email to mail-server@novell.co.uk * Send the following as the text of the message (the subject is unimportant): begin send HINTS/FAQ/comp.unix.unixware.FAQ end I welcome comments and/or suggestions from interested readers. Particularly useful are suggestions for FAQs which are written up in Q/A form. Please send your comments and/or suggestions to vlcek@byteware.com Please state in your email whether I may print your name and/or email address along with the FAQ information you have provided. Printing these may result in other Net or mailing list readers contacting you, thus I will not print them unless explicitly authorized. Table of Contents The FAQ is divided into four main categories: * (G) General, for items of nonspecific interest * (U) User, for items of interest to general users * (S) SysAdmin, for items of interest to UnixWare system administrators * (D) Developer, for items of interest to software developers/programmers Each question in the FAQ is preceded by the text string "Subject: " (to enable newsreaders to identify the individual FAQs) and a unique question number. A complete listing of these question numbers follows: General G1) What is UnixWare? G2) Where can I purchase UnixWare? G3) How much does UnixWare cost? G4) What are UnixWare's hardware requirements? Does it run on a PC? G5) What is the current release/version of UnixWare? G6) Can I upgrade from any version of UnixWare 1.1 to version 2.0? G7) Which system vendors will sell you a machine with UnixWare installed? G8) What is the UnixWare "Personal Edition"? G9) What is the UnixWare "Application Server"? G10) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? G11) How about review articles on UnixWare? G12) Are there anonymous ftp / mail server sites with UnixWare archives? G13) Where can I get online information on UnixWare? G14) Where can I get a hardware compatibility list for UnixWare? G15) Where can I find a driver for [accelerated graphics card]? G16) I have release 1.0; how do I get my release 1.1 upgrade? G17) What has been upgraded in release 1.1? G18) Is there a UnixWare user's group? G19) Does UnixWare support multiprocessing? G20) Does UnixWare function as a NetWare server? User U1) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? U2) Can I run DOS/Windows programs under UnixWare? U3) Can DOS NetWare users log in to a UnixWare box via IPX? U4) Are there CD-ROMs of freeware binaries precompiled for UnixWare? U5) Why can't I type in an "at sign" (@) at a command prompt? U6) How can I access the standard UNIX man pages from the command line? U7) Why can't I run /usr/bin/dos inside an xterm? U8) How do I get (MS)-Windows to run within an X Window? U9) The colors are screwed up when I run Windows. How to fix this? U10) How can I set the size of the X window that Windows runs in? U11) How can I change the fonts on the icon labels in the UnixWare desktop? U12) Why does Word 6.0 say that share isn't loaded, when it is? U13) Can I mount the DOS partition on my disk as a UNIX filesystem? U14) Why can't I search for patterns in manual page output? U15) How can I print to a UnixWare printer from within DOS/Windows? U16) How can I repeat the last command by using ^N etc? U17) What is the data format of the /stand/image (red link screen) file? U18) Tar archives created on UnixWare don't untar properly on SunOS/BSD? U19) Is there a UNIX utility to extract Macintosh BinHex (.hqx) files? U20) How can I make the CD-ROM appear as a drive under DOS/Windows? U21) How can I run Windows straight from the command line? U22) Can I run a Windows program "standalone"? U23) How can I log in to a NetWare server without using the graphical login? U24) Setting the system default printer from the desktop doesn't work?! U25) How do I delete a file whose name begins with a dash (-)? SysAdmin S1) What books on UnixWare system administration might I read/purchase? S2) How can I change my system's name? S3) What traditional Unix utilities have been left out of the UnixWare PE? S4) Does UnixWare come with TCP/IP and/or NFS? S5) I've installed release 1.1. Where's my TCP/IP? S6) I've installed TCP/IP. Where's NFS? S7) Can I replace the stock UnixWare X server with something faster? S8) Why can't I access the CD-ROM drive after I've just installed from it? S9) Why does my data comm package lose characters constantly at high speeds? S10) How can I make or get an emergency boot floppy? S11) How do I set a dialup password on UnixWare for a specific port? S12) How do I configure electronic mail on UnixWare? S13) How many updates are there, what are they, and where do I get them? S14) How do I know which updates I've already got installed? S15) How can I make the man pages accessible from the command line? S16) Are there disk compression utilties for UnixWare? S17) How do I install a package downloaded from one of the ftp servers? S18) How can I speed up the loading of Windows programs from floppies? S19) Why has fingertip librarian suddenly stopped working? S20) How can I get my 3COM 3C503 board to work? S21) How can I set up my network adapter for 10base-T (twisted pair) wiring? S22) How can I change [kernel tunable parameter]? S23) Why does my system hang after displaying the Red Logo Screen? S24) Why do I get error messages saying "Arg list or environment too large"? S25) How can I add more pseudo terminals under UnixWare? S26) What command will correctly tell me the amount of memory in my UnixWare box? S27) Why can't I do tape backups > 512MB after loading UnixWare 1.1? S28) How can I determine the serial number of my UnixWare installation? S29) How can I send print jobs to an HP printer with a JetDirect card? S30) How do I fix mail messages being flagged as From: smtp? S31) Why do I get errors when trying to pkgadd PCFS? S32) Root can telnet/rlogin/etc, but ordinary users can't? S33) What does the message "socket: Permission denied" mean? S34) How can I set up a printer for DOS/Windows users? S35) UnixWare install tells me there aren't 120MB free, but there's much more! S36) How can boot UnixWare/NT/OS2/etc all from the same hard drive? S37) Can I use UnixWare with IDE drives larger than 528MB? S38) What are "PTF"s and where do I find them? S39) There's nothing in the PTF directory?! S40) How do I install a package (like PTFs) that I've pulled off the net? S41) Why can't files larger than 8MB be created? S42) DOS won't run; says it's "Improperly installed". Help? S43) What non-SCSI CD-ROMs are supported by UnixWare? S44) How can I set/change the system owner? S45) Can I use my Mouse Systems mouse in 3-button mode? S46) Some files copied from UNIX to NetWare simply disappear. What gives? S47) What does /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 mean, anyway? S48) What does /dev/dsk/0s0 mean? S49) How can I restore file privileges after a cpio restore? S50) Does UnixWare implement full NIS client capability? Developer D1) What books on UnixWare programming might I read/purchase? D2) Are there alternatives for programmers to the UnixWare SDK? D3) I installed the Prime Time SDK, and now I can't log in?! D4) Does UnixWare version 1.1 bundle Motif? D5) How do I avoid problems programming with the UCB compatibility libraries? D6) Where can I get Emacs? D7) How can I compile X clients without a complete X11 source tree? D8) I've now got 1.1. Where's my SDK? D9) I've now got the 1.1 SDK. Where's xab? D10) What library do I need for XmbTextListToTextProperty [&c]? D11) How about regcmp and regex? D12) I get major errors compiling tin. What gives? D13) Where can I get the Pentium compiler patch? D14) Why do I get "Undefined symbols" when compiling socket applications? D15) In what library is defined? D16) Why does my linker die with memory errors when building ? D17) Why does the configure script hang when building Emacs 19.xx? D18) "man" denies knowing about many Standard C functions. What gives? D19) Where can I get C++ for UnixWare? Questions General ~Subject: G1) What is UnixWare? UnixWare is Novell's Unix offering, combining Unix System V Release 4.2 for 80x86 processors with NetWare client connectivity, DOS Merge, Motif, support and documentation. It provides a graphical user interface based on the X11R5 windowing system, and is capable of running Unix, DOS, and/or Windows programs. UnixWare, first released in November 1992, was the product of a jointly-owned venture, named Univel, between Novell and Unix Systems Laboratories (USL, then a part of AT&T). In the spring of 1993, Novell completed its acquisition of USL and, by extension, Univel. USL and Univel have since been folded into the newly-formed Novell Unix Systems Group (USG, the namesake of an earlier group by the same name at AT&T). One still sees the Univel name frequently, but it is being gradually phased out over time. In this FAQ, I will use the phrase "Novell USG" to refer to the Unix Systems Group where once "Univel" would have been used. The "UNIX" trademark, previously owned by AT&T and then deeded to USL, passed to Novell with the acquisition of USL. After a brief period of negotiations with rival Unix vendors Sun Microsystems, Santa Cruz Operation, International Business Machines, and Hewlett-Packard, Novell granted exclusive licensing rights to the UNIX trademark to X/Open Co. Ltd., an Open Systems industry standards branding agent based in the United Kingdom. Henceforth, the granting of licenses for the trademark UNIX will be handled exclusively by X/Open; eventually, licenses will be granted only for products which exhibit conformance with the so-called Spec1170, a set of 1,000-odd applications programming interfaces (APIs) drawn from the following standards: IEEE Portable Operating System's Interface (POSIX) 1003.1 AT&T's System V Interface Definition SVIDIII X/Open's XPG-4 interface specification "Use-based" APIs drawn from an assortment of third-party vendors Strict conformance to Spec1170 has not yet been demanded by X/Open (to my knowledge, no current commercial UNIX offering is fully conformant with Spec1170) to allow grandfathering in of existing UNIX flavors. Strict conformance will likely be implemented in the near future. ~Subject: G2) Where can I purchase UnixWare? You can contact Novell USG for reseller information at 1-800-638-9273 between the hours: Monday through Friday 5AM-6PM Pacific Time Saturday 8AM-2PM Pacific Time International customers should dial 801-429-5588. Another vendor offering UnixWare, including mixes of options not available from Univel, is the Information Foundation. They can be reached at by phone at (303) 572-6486 or 1-800-GET-UNIX, or via email at "sales@if.com". Every mail-order software house I've contacted so far has carried UnixWare. This includes the following: Computer Discount Warehouse Programmer's Paradise 1-800-891-4CDW 1-800-445-7899 ASAP Software Express Inmac 1-800-248-ASAP 1-800-323-6905 UniPress Software Unidirect 1-800-222-0550 1-800-755-8649 When dealing with mail-order houses, be sure to specify exactly what it is that you want. The salesperson may not _know_ that UnixWare v1.1 has already been released, and send you a copy of 1.0 (or similar mishaps). ~Subject: G3) How much does UnixWare cost? The list price for UnixWare 1.1 (Personal Edition) is still being quoted at $249 (for the CD-ROM version) in adverts, but you shouldn't pay more than $200 for it. Information Foundation used to advertise a $166 price, but has replaced this with a "Please Call" listing. Inmac presently advertises a $199 PE, and other mail-order houses are right in this range as well. UnixWare 2.0 Personal Edition will carry a price tag (list) of $445, while the Application Server will list at $1,695. The current (v1.1) pricing of UnixWare makes it very cost-competitive with Microsoft's Windows NT workstation product (whose version 3.5 typically fetches in excess of $300 in retail outlets). This advantage, unfortunately, may not be preserved across the transition from version 1.1 to 2.0. Thankfully, the software development kit will remain aggressively priced; listing at $145. ~Subject: G4) What are UnixWare's hardware requirements? Does it run on a PC? Yes, UnixWare runs on PCs. The necessary hardware configuration for installing and running UnixWare is: * A personal computer running an Intel 80386 or higher processor with a minimum speed of 25MHz. The ISA, EISA, and MCA bus architectures are supported. * A minimum of 8MB RAM for the Personal Edition. * A minimum of 12 MB RAM for the Application Server. * A minimum 80MB hard disk for the Personal Edition. * A minimum 120 MB hard disk for the Application Server. * A minimum 40MB if you have a second hard disk (optional). * A 3.5-inch or 5.25-inch diskette drive for booting UnixWare. * A serial, bus, or PS/2-compatible mouse is recommended, but not required. Evan Leibovitch (evan@telly.on.ca) notes that, while UnixWare does not absolutely require a 3.5" diskette drive, it is a practical necessity in real world usage. Many useful/necessary packages only come on 3.5" media. He adds that the 1.1 release supports the new 2.88MB format 3.5" floppies for those machines which support it. Eric Raymond used to post in the Usenet group comp.unix.pc-clone.32bit a guide to hardware compatibility for Unix versions that run on Intel-based hardware. While not specifically devoted to UnixWare, it was handy for discussions of the difficulties that may be encountered in installing Unix on PC hardware. Unfortunately, nothing has been heard from Raymond in recent times and, while you can probably find a copy of the last version of the pc-clone hardware guide in the rtfm.mit.edu archives, the information therein is getting more dated by the minute. ~Subject: G5) What is the current release/version of UnixWare? The current version of UnixWare is release 1.1.2. Version 2.0 of UnixWare will be officially released to the markets on March 21, 1995. An update to version 1.1.3 will also be available shortly, for customers not yet wishing to upgrade fully to UnixWare 2.0. ~Subject: G6) Can I upgrade from any version of UnixWare 1.1 to version 2.0? Yes. UnixWare 2.0 will overlay any version of UnixWare 1.1. ~Subject: G7) Which system vendors will sell you a machine with UnixWare installed? I do not currently have an official list of vendors offering bundled UnixWare. Can anyone supply one? (This question has been on the FAQ since its inception ... is anyone listening??? :-) From the FAQ maintainer's (possibly somewhat jaded) point of view, Novell is not terribly interested any more in getting the Personal Edition preinstalled on desktop client machines. Instead, they are more concerned with having the Application Server available on server-class systems. Buyers of such systems probably don't need the FAQ to help them find the box they need, so this list will attempt to focus instead on the neglected (and always optimistic) individuals who really do want to use UnixWare as a desktop. Mobius Computer of Pleasanton CA will sell you an Intel box with UnixWare preinstalled, among other Unix offerings: Mobius Computer 5627 Stoneridge Drive, Building 312 Pleasanton, CA 94588-8503 (800) MOBIUS1 (510) 460-5252 FAX (510) 460-5249 Mobius does have email access, although they don't seem to attach the same importance to it that Usenet readers would. They don't list a general sales or info address; you might try sales@mobius.com or info@mobius.com. Sound Software Ltd. of Brampton Ontario resells UnixWare as software alone, or bundled with an Intel box: Sound Software Ltd. 20 Abelard Avenue, Brampton, Ontario Canada L6Y 2K8 (905) 452-0504 (905) 452-9754 FAX sound@telly.on.ca American Micro Group, Inc. of Fort Lee NJ sells "UnixWare-optimized" systems as well as x86 boxes "with almost all commercial PC Unixes installed": American Micro Group, Inc. 240 Riverdale Drive Fort Lee, NJ 07024 (201) 944-3293 (201) 944-3902 FAX sales@amg.com info@amg.com Information Foundation, which resells UnixWare software, now also offers a hardware platform as well: Information Foundation 1200 17th Stree Suite 1900 Denver, CO 80202 (303) 572-6486 (303) 573-6484 FAX sales@if.com ~Subject: G8) What is the UnixWare "Personal Edition"? The UnixWare "Personal Edition" is the desktop version of UnixWare. The following laundry list is lifted from Information Foundation's bounce-back email information server: UnixWare Personal Edition UNIX System V Release 4.2 Base System Printer Support Network Support Utilities Graphics Utilities Enhanced Application Compatibility Adobe Type Manager TypeScaler Fonts Networked Graphics X11 Windowing System Graphical Desktop Manager Windowing Korn Shell CD-ROM File System Support Ethernet Hardware Support Token Ring Hardware Support European Language Supplement DOS Merge for DOS/Windows Support Novell Network Services The UnixWare 2.0 Personal Edition will, for the first time, also bundle NFS in the base package. ~Subject: G9) What is the UnixWare "Application Server"? As the name implies, the Application Server is the server version of UnixWare. Originally, at least, the idea was that an enterprise network would be built up of DOS, Windows, and UnixWare clients, with a NetWare box providing file services and a UnixWare AS running applications which would display on the PE clients. I don't know if this is still the plan or not. The laundry list (again lifted from the IF literature) is: UnixWare Application Server Personal Edition (Unlimited User License) Personal Utilities TCP/IP & NFS where UnixWare Personal Utilities consists of Advanced UNIX Utilities BSD Compatibility Advanced Administration Utilities (Note that the Personal Utilities, a standalone product in v1.0, is now bundled into the software development kit [SDK]). ~Subject: G10) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? The manuals you get with UnixWare are pretty slim indeed, and you'll probably find yourself needing one or more of the UNIX Press books on Unix SVR4.2 to supplement the bundled documentation. The following is a complete list of the Unix SVR4.2 series: Title ISBN # - User's Series - Guide to the Unix Desktop 1-56205-114-8 User's Guide 0-13-017708-3 - Administration Series - Basic System Administration 0-13-042573-7 Advanced System Administration 0-13-042565-6 Network Administration 0-13-017633-8 PC-Interface Administration 0-13-066820-6 Audit Trail Administration 0-13-066887-7 - Programming Series - UNIX Software Development Tools 0-13-017690-7 Programming in Standard C 0-13-017666-4 Programming with UNIX System Calls 0-13-017674-5 Character User Interface Programming 0-13-042581-8 Graphical User Interface Programming* 0-13-042698-9 Network Programming Interfaces 0-13-017641-9 Device Driver Programming 0-13-042623-7 STREAMS Modules and Drivers 0-13-066879-6 Portable Device Interface 0-13-066838-9 - Reference Series - Command Reference (a-l) 0-13-042699-0 Command Reference (m-z) 0-13-042607-5 Operating System API Reference 0-13-017658-3 Windowing System Reference 0-13-017716-4 System Files and Devices Reference 0-13-017682-6 Device Driver Reference 0-13-042631-8 (*Be careful of this book; the copy you are buying may be based on the old MoOLIT GUI technology, which is being phased out in favor of pure Motif.) To order single copies of this documentation, call (515) 284-6761. For bulk purchases (more than 30 copies), contact Corporate Sales Dept. PTR Prentice Hall 113 Sylvan Avenue Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632 (201) 592-2863 (201) 592-2249 Samuel Ko (kko@sfu.ca or sko@wimsey.bc.ca) maintains the "Concise Guide to UNIX Books", which is posted regularly to the Usenet newsgroups misc.books.technical, alt.books.technical, biz.books.technical, comp.unix.questions, comp.unix.wizards, comp.unix.admin, comp.answers, and news.answers. It can also be downloaded from the Internet via anonymous ftp at ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/books/unix. This list contains many titles of interest to UNIX users both new and old, and is well worth the trouble to acquire. ~Subject: G11) How about review articles on UnixWare? Open Systems Today, in its February 15 1993 issue, reviewed the initial release of UnixWare 1.0. The June 15, 1993 PC Magazine reviewed UnixWare favorably, rating it the Editor's Choice for "Intel Unix" above Consensys V4.2, Dell Unix (RIP), Interactive, SCO Open Desktop, NeXTStep on Intel and Solaris x86. (Note that the last two were reviewed prior to release.) The review concluded `This just may be the Unix for the masses.' UnixWorld magazine profiled UnixWare over a two-part series in the July and August 1993 issues. UnixWorld looked at UnixWare from the traditional Unix user's point of view, predicting that `power Unix users will dismiss UnixWare out of hand, ' but also noting the advantages of the tight integration with NetWare. The UnixWorld reviews are probably much more useful to a system administrator than an ordinary user. Byte Magazine, after a September 1992 "Is Unix dead?" cover story that looks rather silly now in retrospect, gave UnixWare (then still in beta) a friendly reception in its January 1993 issue. `On features alone, UnixWare is one hot number: networked file, mail, printer, and application sharing; NetWare client connectivity; DOS compatibility; high-performance multitasking and virtual memory; a network-capable windowing system with scalable Adobe Type Manager fonts; two levels of hypertext help -- and these are just the highest of the high points' opined the Byte reviewer (Tom Yager [tyager@bytepb.byte.com], Byte's Multimedia Lab). ~Subject: G12) Are there anonymous ftp / mail server sites with UnixWare archives? Novell has an anonymous ftp service at ftp.novell.com (137.65.4.1). UnixWare files can be found under ~ftp/pub/unixware. UnixWare binaries of handy things like the GNU development tools, perl, Seyon and GhostScript are starting to show up there. Mirror sites for the Novell ftp archives may be found at: Taiwan nctuccca.edu.tw Netherlands ftp.rug.nl United Kingdom ftp.salford.ac.uk Logan, Utah netlab2.usu.edu New Zealand tui.lincoln.ac.nz Tuscaloosa, Alabama risc.ua.edu Ottawa, Ontario, CA novell.nrc.ca Boston, Mass. bnug.proteon.com The helpful bunch at Novell Germany have set up UnixWare archives at ftp.novell.de://pub/unixware/usle The ftp.novell.de site is mirrored at ftp.demon.co.uk://pub/mirrors/novell/usle The US4BINR archive contains binaries for UNIX System V Release 4 for 386/486 PCs, including UnixWare. From the US4BINR mail server: US4BINR is now available on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the /systems/svr4-pc directory. wuarchive.wustl.edu supports both anonymous FTP and NFS mount. wuarchive is the primary site for this project. The mail server is still available. For help, send mail to request@us4binr.login.qc.ca with the simple message (no special subject). begin reply your_email_adress help quit Another mailserver site for UnixWare binaries and sources is mail-server@novell.co.uk To obtain an index of the contents, send an email to that address with the following contents: begin mail send INDEX end ~Subject: G13) Where can I get online information on UnixWare? *** PHONE *** Quoting from UnixWare documentation: You can speak with a Univel representative regarding Univel product information and services Monday through Friday between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Mountain Standard Time. Univel's main telephone numbers are: * U.S. and Canada: 1-800-772-UNIX (1-800-772-8649) * International: 801-568-8548 * Germany (European Support Center): +49-211-5277-744 (support for Europe, Middle East, and Africa) * Australia: +61-2-925-3000 * Hong Kong: +852-827-2223 * Japan: +81-3-5481-1141 *** FAX *** You can call the 1-800-772-UNIX number outside of their normal business hours and reach the USG FAX hot line (option 4), which enables you to have UnixWare information FAXed back to you. There are now two separate FaxBack services. Choosing "information" in response to the voice prompt leads one to the pre-sales information FaxBack server, while choosing "technical support" provides access to technical documents. The hardware compatibility guide, however, is not currently available via FaxBack. Comments and/or suggestions regarding UnixWare can be FAXed back to USG at 408-473-8774. *** COMPUSERVE *** Novell maintains a UnixWare forum on CompuServe. If you have a CompuServe ID and wish to access this form, type: GO UNIXWARE at any CompuServe prompt. There are message sections for General Information, Product Information, Developers, DOS Merge, Installation, X Windows, Networking, Device Drivers, Printing, Communications, Applications, Bug Watchers, and Updates. If you do not have a CompuServe ID, contact CompuServe Customer Service at 800-848-8990 or 614-457-8650 for information on setting up an account. *** USENET *** If you have access to Usenet, look into the newsgroup news:comp.unix.unixware. This forum entertains discussions of all issues related to UnixWare. Other newsgroups possibly of interest to UnixWare users are news:comp.unix.sys5.r4 (for discussions relating to the System V Release 4 version of Unix, which includes Novell's UnixWare) and news:comp.unix.misc (for miscellaneous discussions of Unix). If you do not have access to Usenet, you have a variety of options. If you have access to a Unix system, chances are good that it may already provide Usenet access - particularly if it is at an academic or research site. If you do not have access to a Unix system, your best bet is to get an account with one of the increasing number of public-access Unix systems being set up by entrepreneurial Unix sysadmins. You can find the contact phone numbers for such systems in any one of the many books on the Internet now beginning to flood the popular press. *** MAILING LIST *** The news:comp.unix.unixware newsgroup is gatewayed into a mailing list for the benefit of those users with email, but not Usenet, access. I quote from Evan Leibovitch's instructions for that list: TO SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE/GET HELP/ETC: Send an appropriate message to any *one* of the following addresses, each of which is addressed to the list server mechanism at this site (listed in order of my preference): listproc@telly.on.ca univel-request@telly.on.ca listserv@telly.on.ca The body of your message should contain one of the following lines *AS ITS ONLY CONTENT*: subscribe univel Your_Full_Name (Not your e-mail address, the system will pick that up from the headers.) unsubscribe univel recipients univel (gets a list of subscribers) help *** EMAIL *** Novell USG has set up a email box for support queries: unixware@novell.com Email sent to this address will be automatically directed to the appropriate staff members at USG, so long as the message body of the letter is constructed from a form template currently being set up. Pointers to the form template will be posted in this FAQ as soon as it is available. In the meantime, Novell USG asks: we ask that you be specific in your questions and that you include all pertinent information (i.e. updates installed, controllers, peripherals, RAM, Video, SoftWare used, versions, detailed problem descriptions, etc. etc.). Similarly, queries regarding product information can be sent to: prodinfo@novell.com Before Novell USG announced its email address for UnixWare support, a helpful group of three members of European Univel Support set up an email address to which users could send questions about UnixWare. This email alias was: univel@novell.de and will still probably generate responses. Some other well known EMAIL addresses for UnixWare customers (courtesy Darren Davis): UnixWare Developer Support (programming, compiling, linking, libs) devunix@novell.com UnixWare enhancement requests (if UnixWare could only run my toaster) enhance-unixware@novell.com Linux support questions (Gee can linux take over the world) /dev/null :^) (Sorry, I guess I am a corporate stooge) *** FTP *** Novell maintains an official UnixWare FTP site at ftp.novell.com. To access this server, you will of course need Internet access. Type ftp ftp.novell.com At the login prompt, type anonymous When it asks for a password, enter your full email address. *** WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW) *** Novell maintains a World Wide Web (WWW) server at: http://WWW.Novell.COM/ European sites may prefer to visit http://www.novell.de/ Via the WWW server at www.novell.com, you can submit product inquiries and technical support queries without having to use the email form templates. Plus, there's quite a bit of documentation there to be perused. For a UnixWare xmosaic binary to access the WWW server: ftp to ftp.novell.de and look in ~ftp/pub/unixware/usle/BINARIES/mosaic-2.4.mrun for mosaic-2.4.mrun.tar.Z. This can be untarred into /tmp and pkgadded to install the Mosaic binary. It requires Motif 1.2 runtime support; standard in UnixWare 1.1. Mosaic sources are available from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in ~ftp/Web. Andrew Josey (andrew@uel.co.uk) advises of another location for xmosaic binaries: We have also added a pkgadd format package for mosaic including a class database and icon to allow graphical point and click startup. This is on our mail-server (mail-server@uel.co.uk). To receive it, send an email to that address with the following contents: begin mail send BINARIES/mosaic-2.4.mrun/mosaic-2.4.mrun.tar.Z end (There is also a mosaic-2.4.README that is obtained in the same fashion.) Send comments on the WWW services to webmaster@novell.com *** GOPHER *** A gopher server is expected soon at gopher.novell.com. ~Subject: G14) Where can I get a hardware compatibility list for UnixWare? Call UnixWare Marketing Support 1-800-879-6168 between the hours 5AM and 6PM Pacific Time weekdays (or 8AM to 2PM Pacific Time on Saturdays) to request a hardware compatibility guide. A FAX-back service is available at 1-800-414-LABS. Request the master index PLUS items 10011, 10046, 10055. These list different types of certified hardware. International users may contact 801-429-2776 for hardware compatibility faxback service. Be sure to preface your phone number with 011 and your country code to ensure proper delivery. ~Subject: G15) Where can I find a driver for [accelerated graphics card]? Try ftp'ing to ftp.novell.de, and look in the /pub/unixware/X directory. Check the README file there for a listing of currently available drivers. These drivers are updated on a regular basis, and may be newer than those (and/or unavailable) on the latest OS distribution. ~Subject: G16) I have release 1.0; how do I get my release 1.1 upgrade? Novell initially provided a free upgrade to release 1.1 to all owners of the release 1.0 product. This offer expired at the end of June 1994, however. To upgrade, UnixWare customers need to call one of the following phone numbers and be prepared to provide their rev. 1.0 product serial numbers or proof of purchase. Location Voice FAX ======================================================== Austria 0660-8443 0660-8125 Belgium 078-111062 078-111061 Canada 317-364-7276 317-364-0787 Denmark 800-10930 800-10545 France 05-905995 05-905995 Germany 0130-812444 0130-812443 Italy 1678-8388 1678-78398 Norway 050-11310 050-11309 Spain 900-993170 900-993169 Sweden 020-795736 020-795735 Switz. 155-1846 155-1847 UK 0800-960274 0800-960273 US 800-457-1767 317-364-0787 All Others +31-55-434472 +31-55-434435 ~Subject: G17) What has been upgraded in release 1.1? From the December 1993 Novell International Bulletin, the following features and benefits of release 1.1: * Improved quality and performance across the entire family of UnixWare products; * Additional support for European languages. Along with existing support for English and Japanese, UnixWare 1.1 will be available in native versions of French, Italian, German and Spanish by the second quarter of fiscal year 1994. * Additional support for popular low-cost PC hardware. * Aggressively priced and feature-rich Software Development Kit (SDK). This new SDK will be very popular with ISVs and corporate developers. The new SDK offers the complete set of UnixWare development tools for a suggested retail price of US $99. The Software Development Kit now includes the following packages which used to be separate options: * Motif Development Tools * Driver Development Tools * Personal Utilities * Bundled TCP/IP in Personal Edition * Motif 1.2 and Motif wksh for greater COSE compilance * NetWare 4.X support for file and print services * Support for third-party compilers ~Subject: G18) Is there a UnixWare user's group? Evan Leibovitch (evan@telly.on.ca) responds: Yes! UUX, the UnixWare User Exchange, was founded at UniForum 1994. It is still in the formative stages, and is looking for any assistance possible from people in the UnixWare user/developer/reseller community. The next meeting of the UUX will take place Wednesday, October 5 1994, at the Jacob Javits Convention Center in New York City, held concurrently with the Unix Expo trade show. For more information contact Evan Leibovitch, evan@telly.on.ca or (905) 452-0504. ~Subject: G19) Does UnixWare support multiprocessing? Not currently. Multiprocessing will be included in release 2.0, available March 21, 1995. ~Subject: G20) Does UnixWare function as a NetWare server? No, not at present. UnixWare is strictly a NetWare client. It can, however, function as an NFS server. USER ~Subject: U1) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? A good starting place is the UNIX Press UNIX SVR4.2 documentation set: - User's Series - Title ISBN # Guide to the Unix Desktop 1-56205-114-8 User's Guide 0-13-017708-3 Novell has recently released: Novell's Guide to UnixWare 1.1 Chris Negus and Larry Schumer Novell Press 1994 ISBN: 0-7821-1292-7 Two books on Unix System V that have received good reviews are The Waite Group's UNIX System V Primer Mitchell Waite, Don Martin, and Stephen Prata Sams 1992 ISBN: 0-672-30194-6 Unix System V Release 4, An Introduction Kenneth Rosen, Richard Rosinski, and James Farber McGraw-Hill ISBN: 0-07-881552-5 There is also: The Rookie's Guide to UnixWare Susan Adams, Colleene Isaacs, and Marcus Kaufman Novell Press, 1993 ISBN: 0-7821-1376-1 There are twelve-step programs for those who have bought this book, to help them get over their embarrassment. And, of course, for the true neophyte or general Uniphobe, there's: UNIX for the Impatient Paul W. Abrahams and Bruce A. Larson Addison-Wesley ISBN: 0-201-55703-7 UNIX for Dummies John R. Levine & Margaret Levine Young IDG Books, 1993 ISBN: 1-878058-58-4 ~Subject: U2) Can I run DOS/Windows programs under UnixWare? Yes. UnixWare comes with the capability to run DOS programs via Locus Merge and a limited version of Novell's DR-DOS 6.0 (provided). DOS version 5.0 may also be installed in place of DR-DOS 6.0, although users must provide their own copy. DOS version 6.x is currently not compatible with Merge; the next release of Merge is projected to support DOS 6.x. Purchasers of the 1.0 Personal Edition are entitled to the Windows Merge software, but may need to request their copy from: By Phone: By FAX: By Mail: US: 800-892-4650 303-294-0939 Univel Fulfillment Center Int'l: 303-297-8372 (US & Int'l) P.O. Box 5205 Denver, CO 80217-9259 Microsoft Windows is _not_ included in any UnixWare Edition; you must supply your own. You may also replace the bundled Novell DOS with MS-DOS, although currently no releases newer than 5.0 are supported. The current version of Merge emulates a 286 processor, and cannot run Windows programs specifically requiring an 80386, 80486 or Pentium processor, nor can it run Windows in 386 enhanced mode. Known applications that require such capabilities include: * Borland Quattro Pro * Microsoft Access * WordPerfect for Windows 6.0 The Merge in UnixWare 2.0 is rumoured to be capable of emulating a 386 (although not of running Windows in enhanced mode). This Merge may also be available in one of the PTFs for UnixWare 1.1.x. ~Subject: U3) Can DOS NetWare users log in to a UnixWare box via IPX? Yes. Dave W. of Novell explains the NetWare Virtual Terminal: [NVT] is a method for a DOS user to communicate via IPX to a UnixWare machine. You load a TSR on the dos box that redirects int14 or int6b (serial communications) over an NVT protocol to the UnixWare machine who establishes a login session. With the TSR loaded, you run a terminal emulator that uses the standard bios interrupts (rather than going straight to the hardware) and you've got a connection. There are some terminal packages that support NVT directly (without the TSR) For example: Rational Data Systems - PopTerm. MS-Kermit and ProComm Plus for Windows support INT14. TERM and TinyTERM from Century Software, and MultiView from JSB, also purportedly can work with the NVT service. Only the UnixWare application server supports remote logins via NVT; the UnixWare Personal Edition does not provide this capability. ~Subject: U4) Are there CD-ROMs of freeware binaries precompiled for UnixWare? Yes. The Prime Time Freeware software development kit for UnixWare includes not only gcc and g++, but some oft-used non-development utilities such as XFree86, Emacs, TeX, GhostScript, Tcl/Tk, perl and Taylor UUCP as well. Prime Time SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 2-1 ISBN 1-88 1957-08-X Steve Zwaska, Editor Prime Time Freeware 370 Altair Way, #150 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 +1 408 433 9662 Voice +1 408 433 0727 FAX ptf@cfcl.com There's also the LEMIS Free Software CD-ROM for Unix System V 4.2, which includes "utility and development software, graphics demonstrations and X-based games. All binaries are packaged in the standard pkgadd format..." LEMIS Lehey Microcomputer Systems Schellnhausen 2 36325 Feldatal Germany +49-6637-1488 +49-6637-1489 FAX Mail: lemis@lemis.de Greg (Lehey) notes: Please don't send orders via email - we need paper. Ready-to-Run Software, which sells precompiled versions of many (if not most) of the UNIX freeware available, has recently begun selling UnixWare versions of its "ReadyPaks". Contact Ready-to-Run at: Ready-to-Run Software, Inc. Rustic Trail Groton, MA 01450 (508) 448-3959 (508) 448-2989 FAX info@rtr.com In Europe, Ready-to-Run products are available through: User Interface Technologies P.O. Box 145 Cambridge, CB4 1GQ England +44 223 302 041 +44 223 302 042 info@uit.co.uk ~Subject: U5) Why can't I type in an "at sign" (@) at a command prompt? This is because, incredible though it may seem, UnixWare ships with the same terminal configuration tailored twenty-odd years ago for ASR-33 teletypes. '@' is thus the line-kill character. To take care of serial/dialup/telnet/rlogin logins, users should put the following line into their shell initialization file (.profile for Bourne and ksh users, .cshrc for C-shell users): stty erase '^H' kill '^U' intr '^C' (Type these in just as you see them; there's no need to try and enter the actual control characters, and many reasons not to anyway.) The stty command will take care of C-shell users for all time, since the .cshrc file is read in by every instance of the shell (unless the -f flag is used, but that's typically for noninteractive shells). Users of other shells should put the following lines into their .Xdefaults file to ensure that shells started within xterms are properly set up: *Terminal*ttyModes: erase ^h intr ^c kill ^u *xterm*ttyModes: erase ^h intr ^c kill ^u If you remotely log in to your UnixWare box from another system that places a "Delete" key at the upper right corner of the main keypad, you will have to execute the command stty erase '^?' to inform the shell that your current keyboard is slightly different. Otherwise, you may end up seeing things like "la^Hs: Command not found". The .Xdefaults file on the remote system should also be configured accordingly. UnixWare 2.0 has reportedly fixed at least the '@' problem. ~Subject: U6) How can I access the standard UNIX man pages from the command line? Include the following in your shell startup files: .profile (/usr/bin/sh or /usr/bin/ksh): MANPATH=/usr/flib/books/man export MANPATH PATH=$PATH:/usr/ucb .cshrc (/usr/bin/csh): setenv MANPATH /usr/flib/books/man set path=($path /usr/ucb) Alternately, talk to your SysAdmin about setting up the symbolic links for the man pages described in the next section. ~Subject: U7) Why can't I run /usr/bin/dos inside an xterm? Your xterm must be exactly 25 lines in height. The width does not have to be 80 characters, interestingly, although you probably should set it to such rather than tempt fate. ~Subject: U8) How do I get (MS)-Windows to run within an X Window? You need to tell Windows to use the Merge X Windows display and mouse drivers, rather than the VGA driver provided with Windows. This is easiest to do while logged in and running Windows full-screen on the console. To effect this change, bring your DOS window to full-screen so that Windows can access the display. Start up the "Windows Setup" program from the Program Manager's "Main" group. Don't be daunted if you can't use the mouse to double-click on the program; simply use Alt-F to bring up the Program Manager's "File" menu, and then use the right arrow key to select the "Windows" menu. You can then use the up or down arrows to select the "Main" item, and press to select the "Main" group. Now it's a simple matter of using the arrow keys to select "Windows Setup", and pressing to start it. Once there, use Alt-O to bring up the "Options" menu, and select "Change System Settings". Use the key to select the different fields in the dialog box that comes up, and the arrow keys to choose an item from within the list of choices for that field. What you want is for "Display" to be set to "DOS Merge Windows/X", "Keyboard" to be set to "Enhanced 101 or 102 key US and Non US keyboards" and for "Mouse" to be set to "DOS Merge Mouse". Scroll through the list of selections for the display and mouse drivers until you find the entry "Other (Requires disk from OEM)" and select that entry. When prompted for the pathname of the OEM disk, replace the "A:" in the box with "C:\USR\LIB\MERGE\WINDOWS". Select the appropriate entry from the dialog box that comes up. The keyboard entry you can select from the standard Windows entries. You can change the Windows system settings by running the setup program from within a DOS windows as follows: setup This might be more convenient (and less worrisome) than bringing up Windows full-screen. All the necessary keys (function keys, etc) seem to work OK in the DOS window, so long as you're logged in from the console. It is possible to start up "setup" in an xterm running /usr/bin/dos (or on a serial terminal or dialup, for that matter), but may be a bit more tricky if you can't use or don't have the standard function keys. -1 (the escape key, followed by the 1 key) through -0 give you F1-F10 (-; and -: are F11 and F12, respectively) while -f, -g, -t and -v are the left-, right-, up- and down-arrow keys, respectively. ~Subject: U9) The colors are screwed up when I run Windows. How to fix this? Put the following into your .Xdefaults file: dos*InstallColorMap: True Alternately, you could feed this to the X resource database: echo "dos*InstallColorMap: True" | xrdb -merge This may cause color "flashing" as you move your mouse in and out of the Windows window, but will ensure that you get the proper colors in Windows. ~Subject: U10) How can I set the size of the X window that Windows runs in? You can set the Windows X window to an arbitrary size by adding lines similar to the following to your .Xdefaults file (or, alternatively, feeding them to xrdb): dos*windowsHeight: 988 dos*windowsWidth: 1260 These almost exactly fill the display on my 1280x1024 monitor when running Windows; the actual values you use will depend upon the size of your monitor, of course. ~Subject: U11) How can I change the fonts on the icon labels in the UnixWare desktop? Ummm... ...you can't. The font is (at present) hard-coded. ~Subject: U12) Why does Word 6.0 say that share isn't loaded, when it is? To get Microsoft Word 6.0 to run atop Merge, place the following line in your autoexec.bat file immediately before the line loading share.exe: merge set drive local Word 6.0a is rumoured to have fixed some other problems that arise when running atop Merge. ~Subject: U13) Can I mount the DOS partition on my disk as a UNIX filesystem? Stock UnixWare does not allow the mounting of DOS partitions as UNIX filesystems. You will need an add-on filesystem, such as the freely- available pcfs package, to be able to mount a DOS partition as a UNIX filesystem. This package can be found at: ftp.novell.de://pub/unix/unixware/unixware/08 in the file pcfs.tar. You can, however, access the DOS partition from within Merge. When you run DOS (or Windows) atop Merge, the DOS partition on your hard disk will show up as drive E:. ~Subject: U14) Why can't I search for patterns in manual page output? The traditional UNIX manual pages are not shipped in their troff source form, but instead are shipped in preprocessed (catman) format. (You won't find any man[0-9] directories in /usr/flib/books/man, only cat[0-9].) These preprocessed man pages contain copius backspaces, intended for creating emphasis (underlining, &c) when printed out on a screen (using appropriate output filters) or on paper. Unfortunately, all those backspaces confound attempts to search through the output of man piped directly into more (the standard method). The way to get around this is to pipe man output as follows: man topic | col -b | more ~Subject: U15) How can I print to a UnixWare printer from within DOS/Windows? First, ask your system administrator to set up a printer for use within DOS/Windows, as detailed in the SysAdmin section of this FAQ. From within DOS, the printer set up by your system administrator will be accessible as LPT1:. Within Windows, go to Control_Panel->Printers. Add a new printer, connected to LPT1.DOS (note that this is NOT identical to LPT1; it is a separate entry under the "Connect" dialog box). Set the other parameters of the printer just as you would under "ordinary" Windows. Note that this is the place, rather than the UnixWare doslp printer setup, where the printer is actually identified (by selecting it from the list of available printers, or loading a vendor's driver disk). If the printer you are printing to is a PostScript printer, you may need to perform one final tweak. By default, the Windows PostScript printer driver will prepend a ('\004' character) to the PostScript code being sent to the printer. This is a hack, intended by the Windows driver to reset the printer prior to starting the job. However, some software in the UNIX world (notably, Adobe's Transcript filters) look for the magic number "%!" at the beginning of a file as a flag that the file represents PostScript code. Lacking this magic number, which would be the case for a file beginning with a character, the data is taken to be plain text, which is run through a text-to-PostScript converter. What this boils down to is that your Windows PostScript output may be printed out as text (very confusing to naive users), with the little inscription "\004" leading the parade. Not good. (Microsoft falses accuses UNIX of being to blame, opining that is the UNIX "end-of-file" character and asserting that UNIX rejects any data after the "EOF" character. Well, such are the privileges of a present-day monopoly.) Enough history. How to fix? Well, just for your edification, take a look at the printers.wri file in the windows directory (probably D:\WINDOWS on your system), and look for the word "unix". This is where Microsoft tries to lay the blame on UNIX, and spells out the solution. Basically, you must open up the WIN.INI file within Windows Notepad, and look for the line like the following: [PrinterName, LPT1.DOS] that corresponds to your UNIX printer. Add the following entry to the parameters settings that following this heading: CtrlD=0 (That is a zero to the right of the equals sign.) Exit and restart Windows and things should now work. Note that this solution does NOT work if you have selected "PostScript Printer" as the printer name/type in the Windows printer driver selection list. It also does not seem to work for the Apple LaserWriter printer (in fact, I believe that _is_ the "PostScript Printer" driver). Apparently, you must choose an actual PostScript printer model from the list; a reasonably educated guess is probably sufficient, as PostScript is relatively device-independent. ~Subject: U16) How can I repeat the last command by using ^N etc? If your shell is /bin/sh or /bin/csh, you can't. Try getting tcsh, say off the Prime Time SDK. If your shell is the Korn shell (/bin/ksh), do set -o emacs If you prefer vi style, try set -o vi ~Subject: U17) What is the data format of the /stand/image (red link screen) file? It is a straight VGA memory dump. ~Subject: U18) Tar archives created on UnixWare don't untar properly on SunOS/BSD? Martin Sohnius (msohnius@novell.co.uk) explains: Traditionally, tar never stored any info about directories (or specials). On extraction, directories were created as and when needed to recreate the files in them. Owner, group and permissions of a directory simply defaulted to whoever did the un-tar and his/her umask setting. On SunOs and SCO Unix, tar still works this way. Hence you have all these "fixperms" type scripts. SVR4 and POSIX extended the spec, and the "new" tar now stores i-node information for directories as well. This is how UW tar works, and unfortunately (and wrongly, IMHO) there is no "compatibility option" to write an old-style tar archive without directories. Because what now happens, is that UW's tar stores a directory like a zero-length file, but with the extra info that it's a directory. "Old-style" tar ignores this extra info and, on extraction, creates a zero-length file. When it then tries to populate the directory, it can't create it because an ordinary file by that name already exists. One solution: On recent SunOS versions, there is a directory /usr/5bin which contains System V compatible programs. In there is the utility ustar, which is the POSIX (and UW) tar and which *can* extract an archive written on UnixWare. (BTW, /usr/5bin also has cpio in there!) ~Subject: U19) Is there a UNIX utility to extract Macintosh BinHex (.hqx) files? Check out the "mcvert" package. It can be found at the URL ftp://sumex-aim.stanford.edu/info-mac/cmp/mcvert-215.shar There are a variety of other UNIX/Macintosh compatibility utilities at this same location. ~Subject: U20) How can I make the CD-ROM appear as a drive under DOS/Windows? Here are two solutions from Martin Sohnius: 1 Use the DOS command SUBST to assign a drive letter to C:\cdrom1. But: the DR-DOS 6.0 supplied with UW does not support the SUBST command under UW. Draw your own conclusions :-) 2 If you only need to do this once, mount the CD-ROM and start DOS from the console (i.e. after h) with the command HOME=/cdrom1 dos The CD-ROM will be Drive D. But note that you must now address your actual home directory as C:\home\yourname from DOS. ~Subject: U21) How can I run Windows straight from the command line? The plain "win" command is supposed to work, although it doesn't for me. Instead, I use the following: dos +x +m4 /path/to/Windows/win where I substitute the actual (full) pathname of win.com into the above command line. For example, on my personal system, this is /home/vlcek/windows/win. If your Windows setup involves connections to NetWare servers (for example, via drive connections to NetWare servers in the file manager), you may wish to put an login command into your autoexec.bat file to avoid authentication problems. ~Subject: U22) Can I run a Windows program "standalone"? Something of a Wabi-like effect can be achieved by running a Windows program in the following fashion: dos +x +m4 /path/to/Windows/win /full/path/win_prog In fact, this is precisely the fashion in which the same effect is achieved in DOS. The program is not truly running "standalone"; if you iconify it, you will see the ubiquitous Windows background and an iconified Program Manager. But it does bring up the desired program full-screen, and the technique may help avoid confusing naive users. ~Subject: U23) How can I log in to a NetWare server without using the graphical login? Use the following command from your text-mode login: nwlogin servername/username substituting the NetWare server's name for servername and your login name on that server for username. Be sure to include the forward slash in the nwlogin command. If this command succeeds, you will see the NetWare server's files appear in a directory beneath the UnixWare directory /.NetWare. A symbolic link to this directory, named netware, may also be present in your home directory. ~Subject: U24) Setting the system default printer from the desktop doesn't work?! The desktop utilities allow a user only to set up the default printer for his/her own individual use. They does NOT set the system default printer, even if run by the system owner. ~Subject: U25) How do I delete a file whose name begins with a dash (-)? Not really a UnixWare-specific FAQ, but without a doubt the most FA'd Q for UNIX in general. There's only two correct ways to do this (ignore all other methods), which differ only depending upon your current directory. If the file you wish to delete (let's say it's named "-x") is in your current directory, then execute the following command: rm ./-x If it is in a different directory, precede the file name with the complete path: rm /path/to/directory/-x Again: ignore all other methods that may be suggested to you. That is an order. SYSADMIN ~Subject: S1) What books on UnixWare system administration might I read/purchase? Well, let's start with the UNIX Press books: - Administration Series - Title ISBN # Basic System Administration 0-13-042573-7 Advanced System Administration 0-13-042565-6 Network Administration 0-13-017633-8 PC-Interface Administration 0-13-066820-6 Audit Trail Administration 0-13-066887-7 Mick Galvin (mick@ddiq.com) adds: As I think one of the points of Unixware is the integration of Netware with Unix I would highly recommend "Novell's Guide to Integrating UNIX and NetWare Networks" by James E. Gaskin, published by Novell PRESS. This is a *very* current book (1993) and amongst other things offers thoughts on topics like why netware for unix is not available on UnixWare (even though the Univel fax back server suggests it is!) It is sprinkled with humour. Novell's Guide to Integrating UNIX and NetWare Networks James E. Gaskin, Novell Press, 1993 ISBN: 0-7821-1129-7 A must for Unix sysadmins is: UNIX Power Tools Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly, and Mike Loukides O'Reilly and Associates/Random House 1993 ISBN 0-679-79073-X This book combines 1000+ pages of text-mode Unix advice with a CD-ROM of precompiled binaries for various popular UNIX platforms (including SCO, which should run on UnixWare) of a large variety of useful text-mode applications. ~Subject: S2) How can I change my system's name? From the command line, you can use the setuname utility: setuname -n You can also use sysadm (either invoking it as such from the command line, or from the UnixWare desktop as System_Setup->Extra_Admin). Select system_setup->nodename->set->Network node name and change the name found there. You will also need to change the hostname entries in the following files if you have networking installed: /etc/net/ticlts/hosts /etc/net/ticots/hosts /etc/net/ticotsord/hosts These files deal with the loopback transport mechanism; each typically consists of a single line of the form "". You should change both instances of the host name. And don't forget: /etc/hosts /etc/uucp/Systems.tcp DON'T listen to those who recommend you use "uname -S ", by the way. This sets not only the node name (which is what you want to change) but the "system" name (which is initialized to UNIX_SV and should remain that way) as well. The latter is almost certainly not necessary. ~Subject: S3) What traditional Unix utilities have been left out of the UnixWare PE? A common complaint among long-time Unix users is the omission of numerous standard Unix utilities from the Personal Edition. While ordinary users might not typically use these commands, shell scripts do, and thus Univel may have - if inadvertently - introduced yet another Unix version incompatibility into the already-too-large mix. Among the items lacking in the Personal edition are: the C and Korn shells (the Windowing Korn Shell [wksh] _is_ included, however), banner, calendar, head, join and dc. These commands _are_ available, however, in the Advanced Utilities module (an add-on optional package). Most, if not all, of these, utilities are included in the UnixWare SDK, which bundled the "Personal Utilities" of v1.0. GNU replacements for many, if not all, of these can also be found on the Prime Time or Unix Power Tools CD-ROMs. Oh, and of course TCP/IP was left out of the release 1.0 Personal Edition, too, but is bundled with 1.1. (NFS, however, is NOT included.) ~Subject: S4) Does UnixWare come with TCP/IP and/or NFS? The Release 1.0 Personal Edition does not include TCP/IP or NFS in the basic system. A TCP/IP+NFS package is available from Univel; a similar offer, plus a TCP/IP-only option, is available from Information Foundation. Release 1.1 does include TCP/IP in the Personal Edition, but not NFS. NFS remains an extra-cost option. This will also be the case for UnixWare 2.0. TCP/IP and NFS are bundled with the UnixWare Application Server in both release 1.0 and 1.1. ~Subject: S5) I've installed release 1.1. Where's my TCP/IP? Shame on you. Page 1 of the UnixWare 1.1 Release Notes states: TCP/IP is a separate package on the CD-ROM or tape medium and must be installed in a separate step [...] after the base installation and UnixWare 1.1 Post Install. The package set that you must install is named tcpset. Note that tcpset does not include NFS. NFS is a separate package set, named nfsset. ~Subject: S6) I've installed TCP/IP. Where's NFS? NFS is not included in the tcpset package set in UnixWare 1.1. It is loaded as a separate package set, named nfsset. This will be in the Application Server distribution media; it is on separate media in the Personal Edition. ~Subject: S7) Can I replace the stock UnixWare X server with something faster? Yes. Several vendors sell X servers which can be used to speed up X on your UnixWare system. Typically, these vendors will also sell you drivers for specific cards as well. A partial list of such vendors follows: Quarterdeck Office Systems' Hyper-X (formerly sold as Pittsburgh Power Computing's Hyper-X) 150 Pico Boulevard Santa Monica, CA 90405 (310) 392-9851 (310) 314-4219 FAX hyperx@qdeck.com info@qdeck.com Call 800-354-3222 Extension 8G8 for special introductory offer Hyper-X should also be available through conventional distribution channels, eg dealers selling other Quarterdeck products (QEMM, Desqview) Metrolink Metro-X 2213 W. McNab Road Pompano Beach, FL 33069 (305) 970-7353 (305) 970-7351 FAX sales@metrolink.com X Inside (X server and drivers formerly sold by Snitily Graphics Consulting Service of Cupertino CA) Toronto CA (416) 762-3778 There is also XFree86. From David Wexelblat's announcement of the release of XFree86 2.1: XFree86 is a port of X11R5 that supports several versions of Intel-based Unix and Unix-like operating systems. The XFree86 servers are derived from X386 1.2, which was the X server distributed with X11R5. This release consists of many new features and performance improvements as well as many bug fixes. The release is available as source patches against the MIT X11R5 code, as well as binary distributions for many architectures. Source patches are available to upgrade 2.1 to 2.1.1. These and source patches for 2.1 based on X11R5 PL26, from MIT, and as an upgrade from XFree86 2.0 are available via anonymous FTP from: ftp.x.org (under /R5contrib/XFree86) (note that this is not in place at the time of the posting) ftp.physics.su.oz.au (under /XFree86) ftp.win.tue.nl (under /pub/XFree86) ftp.prz.tu-berlin.de (under /pub/pc/src/XFree86) Refer to the README file under the specified directory for information on which files you need to get to build your distribution (which will depend on whether this is a new installation or an upgrade from an earlier version of XFree86). Binaries are available via anonymous FTP from: ftp.physics.su.oz.au - SVR4 binaries under /XFree86/SVR4 ftp.win.tue.nl - SVR4 binaries under /pub/XFree86/SVR4 ftp.tcp.com - SVR4 binaries under /pub/SVR4/XFree86 stasi.bradley.edu - SVR4 binaries under /pub/XFree86/SVR4 Release 2-1 of the Prime Time SDK includes XFree86 2.0 in pkgadd format. Prime Time is now, in fact, _the_ point of contact for XFree86 distribution; you can buy XFree86 by itself on a CD-ROM for about $40. Contact: Prime Time Freeware 370 Altair Way, #150 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 +1 408 433 9662 Voice +1 408 433 0727 FAX ptf@cfcl.com If you have access to Usenet news, see the newsgroup news:comp.windows.x.i386unix for ongoing discussions of XFree86 and other Intel/Unix/X solutions. ~Subject: S8) Why can't I access the CD-ROM drive after I've just installed from it? Bill Rosenblatt writes: This is a known bug that is supposed to be corrected for release 1.1. There's a relatively simple workaround: 1. Shut down your machine. 2. Open the machine and remove the SCSI adapter card. 3. Leave the cover off and reboot. The system will print an error message, but it will come up. 4. Shut down again. 5. Replace the SCSI card and put the cover back on the machine. 6. Reboot again. The system will rebuild the kernel, which will take a few minutes. Then it will tell you to reboot. Do so. 7. When the system comes up again, the CD-ROM should be accessible. Another method I received from UnixWare tech support proceeds as follows: When the CD-ROM driver seemingly drops out of sight in UnixWare, one cannot read from a CD, nor can one mount a cdfs file system. To correct this, first determine the proper name of your CD-ROM device driver. Change directory to /dev/cdrom and do an ls. There will be a driver file there in the form "cxtxlx" where the x's are SCSI controller number, tag numberm and logical unit number respectively. (e.g. the driver will be something like "c0t4l0" or c0t3l1") Write this name down! Next, it is necessary to create a "raw device." Change directory to /dev and "mkdir rcdrom" to create a directory called /dev/rcdrom. Then change to this new directory and make nodes for a CD based on the name found in /dev/cdrom. mknod c0t4l0 c 0 0 mknod cdrom1 c 0 0 These commands in succession are "make node see-zero-zero" and "make node cdrom1 see-zero-zero." Note that the next-to-last character in the device driver name is an "ell" not a "one." While still in the /dev/rcdrom directory, make the whole directory readable, writable, and executable to everyone. chmod 0777 . chmod 0777 * and everything should be fine. You can check by clicking on the "Disks Etc." icon to see if the CD-ROM icon is there. ~Subject: S9) Why does my data comm package lose characters constantly at high speeds? Bill Rosenblatt again: The odds are good that the problem is with the UART on your serial interface card. If you have a relatively low-end PC, you probably have an old-style UART that interrupts the CPU after it receives every character. Unix usually handles serial interrupts at a low level (lower than DOS does, for example), so it can't keep up if the speed is too high, usually above 9600bps. To fix this, you need to get a new UART, a 16550 UART that has a 16-byte buffer. The 16540 UART, with a 2-byte buffer, may also be enough of an improvement. If your UART isn't in a socket, then you will have to replace the entire card. Luckily, these are not very expensive--about $40 for a single-port card or $70 for a standard PC multi-port card. Additionally, you need a device driver that knows how to take advantage of the UART's buffering. UnixWare has such a device driver (asyhp), but the current version is known to be flaky. Novell should have a fix for this available on ftp.novell.com before 1.1 comes out. In any case, here's what you need to do to enable the driver, courtesy of Joao Costa (jcosta@quimic.pt): Just go to /etc/conf/sdevice.d, edit asyhp and turn N to Y for the ports you want, then edit asyc and turn Y to N on those ports. Rebuild the kernel and, when the new kernel boots, you'll have a status message about your 16550 ports. ~Subject: S10) How can I make or get an emergency boot floppy? Release 1.1 comes with the ability to create an EBF by one's self. Insert a blank floppy in the drive, and execute as root: /usr/sbin/emergency_disk diskette1 Release 1.0 users must ftp the EBF from ftp.novell.com: ...you can now generate your own Emergency Boot Floppy (ebf) for UnixWare 1.0. There is an ebf update available on ftp.novell.com (and on CompuServe). The file is ebf.tar and is located in /pub/unixware/Updates. This package DOES NOT create an ebf, but installs a utility to do so. Get ebf.tar, and as usual untar it. chmod the .run file to be executable and then execute it to install the package. Once the package is installed, execute the command /usr/sbin/emergency_disk diskette1 (or diskette2). This ought to do it. Martin Sohnius (msohnius@novell.co.uk) warns: `BEWARE! There is a major security risk with the EBF. This is pretty obvious to any knowledgable user, so there is no point not to warn you against it here: the only thing preventing anyone who has access to the hardware, and has an EBF from any UW machine, from becoming root on your system is not knowing the system's serial number. This, however, is printed on the third boot floppy, and, moreover, is displayed by one of the desktop utilities. Since any EBF will boot any system (provided you give it the correct serial number), you better lock up your floppy drives!' Note that the EBF can only boot a UnixWare 1.x system with an intact root file system. The EBF alone is not sufficient to boot UnixWare 1.x. This may restrict the utility of the EBF somewhat. ~Subject: S11) How do I set a dialup password on UnixWare for a specific port? Andrew Josey of Unix Systems Labs Europe (a.josey@uel.co.uk) provides the following guide: Two files must be created in the /etc directory, and for ease of use you can add a user (say called dialup). (1) /etc/d_passwd ------------------ This is the dialup password file. # ls -l /etc/d_passwd -rw------- 1 root root 70 May 13 07:44 /etc/d_passwd # This contains entries for login shells (uucico, ksh and sh). Usually there is no additional password for uucico. Interactive logins (ksh, and sh) have passwords. The encrypted password must be put in the file, note spaces and position of the colon delimiters are critical. # cat /etc/d_passwd /usr/lib/uucp/uucico:: /usr/bin/ksh:66NOJGfJw4I.A: /usr/bin/sh:66NOJGfJw4I.A: # (2) /etc/dialups ----------------- The second file /etc/dialups dictates which devices are to have the dialup password prompt # cat /etc/dialups /dev/tty00 /dev/tty01h (3) Setting the password ------------------------ To set the password, I have a login entry for a user dialup (this just executes date as the login shell). Thus on the day to change the password i) # passwd dialup New password: Re-enter new password: # ii) # grep dialup /etc/shadow|cut -f2 -d":" >>/etc/d_passwd This appends the new dialup onto the end of the d_passwd file. iii) Edit the file with vi to place the new encrypted password in the appropriate fields marked XXXX below: /usr/lib/uucp/uucico:: /usr/bin/ksh:XXXX: /usr/bin/sh:XXXX: ~Subject: S12) How do I configure electronic mail on UnixWare? From another machine that is already properly connected for email, send a message to Andrew Josey's mail server at USL Europe to receive some hints: mail-server@novell.co.uk The message body should be: begin reply send HINTS/MAIL/README end where, of course, you have substituted your actual email address for "". ~Subject: S13) How many updates are there, what are they, and where do I get them? Update 5, the first for v1.1 and known as update 1.1.1, involves the Pentium-optimizing compiler which was inadvertently left out of the 1.1 SDK and other minor fixes. It is available on 3.5" floppies or CD-ROM directly from Novell, as well as via ftp: ftp.novell.com://pub/unixware/UNXWRE11/COREOS/upd111.tar Update 1.1.1 for UnixWare 1.1 is itself at revision 1.1. (Finally, some unity in the Unix world, eh? :-) Only a few individuals who downloaded update 1.1 from the Internet shortly after it was released are likely to have revision 1.0 of Update 1.1.1; to verify which revision you have on your system, perform a "pkginfo -l update111". If revision 1.0 has been installed, patch ptf155.tar can be downloaded from the Internet to update the broken X server (which caused problems with SCO X binaries) in the 1.0 package. UnixWare 1.1 and the UnixWare 1.1 SDK should _both_ be installed prior to installing update 1.1.1. Update 1.1.2 for UnixWare 1.1 can be found at: ftp.novell.com://pub/unixware/UNXWRE11/COREOS/upd112.tar An update 1.1.3 for UnixWare 1.1 is expected early in 1995. There are/were eight (8) updates to release 1.0, not all of which will you typically need. These updates are to be applied to version 1.0 only; all changes have been merged into version 1.1. The v1.0 updates are (listed by their file names on the UnixWare ftp archive server): updte1.tar - First UnixWare update updte2.tar - Update 1.0.2 updte3.tar - Update 1.0.3 upbnu4.tar - Basic Networking Utilities (uucp, serial comm, ttymon) Update 4 mipx.tar - Newer, faster Merge IPX; must have Advanced Merge installed mhs.tar - Fixes to MHS mail services; replaces earlier mhs.tar versions atmtp.tar - NFS automounter update 1.0.4 nsupdt.tar - NetWare API Library update 1.0.4, fixes NetWare automounter The first four of these are those of greatest interest to Usenet readers. Note that all of updte1/updte2/updte3 need not be installed; Update 1.0.3 includes effectively replaces, and adds to, Update 1.0.3. Thus UnixWare sysadmins can simply install Update 1.0.3 after the first update is installed, and leave out Update 1.0.2 altogether. All of these are available from the UnixWare ftp archive server: ftp.novell.com:~ftp/pub/unixware/Updates They are also available on ftp.novell.de. Andrew Josey (andrew@uel.co.uk) adds: and also from our automated mail server which carries binaries/sources etc for UnixWare and also mirrors the ftp sites. To get a list of Updates from our mail server: mail mail-server@uel.co.uk with a msg containing: begin reply index Updates end Use send with a filename to request a file. Note that the requests are case sensitive, for example to get the latest BNU fix: send MIRRORS/ftp.novell.com/pub/unixware/Updates/updbnu4.tar ~Subject: S14) How do I know which updates I've already got installed? Updates will show up as installed packages; from the UnixWare desktop, double click: System_Setup->Application_Setup Be patient while the installed applications are cataloged. When you get the browser showing installed packages, you will be able to see the installed updates. If you are the impatient sort, Andrew Josey (andrew@uel.co.uk) suggests: I cancel the cataloging, and then hit View Installed Appl'ns All Which is usually quicker... and ok when you know you've not reinstalled anything new recently. ~Subject: S15) How can I make the man pages accessible from the command line? The following symbolic links will enable users to access the standard UNIX man pages without further action on their part: ln -s /usr/flib/books/man /usr/share/man ln -s /usr/flib/bin/fman /usr/bin/man ~Subject: S16) Are there disk compression utilties for UnixWare? Programmed Logic sells such a drop-in replacement compressed file system that, among other things, can be installed as the root partition and can be NFS-exported. Programmed Logic claims that it can double a file system's capacity. For information on the Desktop File System (DTFS), contact: Programmed Logic Corp. 200 Cottontail Lane Somerset, NJ 08873 (908) 302-0090 Voice (908) 302-1903 FAX Email: info@prologic.com (For product inquiries) sales@prologic.com (For order placement) support@prologic.com (technical support for registered users) ~Subject: S17) How do I install a package downloaded from one of the ftp servers? Rick Richardson (rick@digibd.com) explains: You can untar the stuff anywhere convenient, say, under /tmp, and then: pkgadd -d /tmp The pkgname is optional. Note that the -d flag assumes that if the argument begins with a '/', then its a package in filesystem format. Otherwise, its a magic cookie (e.g. diskette1) to pick a storage device. I.E., this won't work: cd /tmp; pkgadd -d . ~Subject: S18) How can I speed up the loading of Windows programs from floppies? If you find yourself loading a Windows program more than once, for whatever reason, you might appreciate Rick Richardson's "Handy trick #1427": Use the file manager to copy each installation floppy to d:\diskN where N is the disk number. Then, you can try to install a program as many times as you want without waiting for floppies. Just run D:\DISK1\SETUP from the file manager. At least with Word, setup seems to understand that the files aren't coming from floppies and will just proceed to install everything it needs from d:\disk1, d:\disk2, etc. without further prompting. Discovered purely by accident - I had the disks in d:\w1, d:\w2, etc. and after setup finished with w1, it said it couldn't find d:\disk2\somefile. Aha I say! (FAQ maintainer's observation: I believe this is how some Windows software is organized on CD-ROMs for installation - that might be why the Windows setup program understands it.) ~Subject: S19) Why has fingertip librarian suddenly stopped working? An authorization code file for the flib shipped with release 1.0 inexplicably carried an expiration date of 12/31/93. There is a trivial fix for this: $ mv /usr/flib/authorization /usr/flib/authorization.old flib should now work again. This problem has been fixed in v1.1. ~Subject: S20) How can I get my 3COM 3C503 board to work? Try disabling shared memory on the card. ~Subject: S21) How can I set up my network adapter for 10base-T (twisted pair) wiring? Specify "BNC" as the transceiver type. This enables the internal transceiver on the card, which is used by both BNC and 10base-T connections. ~Subject: S22) How can I change [kernel tunable parameter]? The following is quoted verbatim from a UnixWare TechFlash from June 1993: To increase file limit size (equivelent to ulimit): SFSZLIM - Soft file size limit. HFSZLIM - Hard file size limit. To increase user data (process heap and brk(2)) area: SDATLIM - Soft data limit. HDATLIM - Hard data limit. To increase user stack (stack segment) area: SSTKLIM - Soft stack limit. HSTKLIM - Hard stack limit. To increase address space (brk(2) area) for process: SVMMLIM - Soft Virtual Memory limit. HVMMLIM - Hard Virtual Memory limit. The procedure to change these tunable parameters is documented in the UnixWare System Administration - System Performance Administration manual, Chapter 3. To change these parameters, login or su to root and: # cd /etc/conf/bin # ./idtune SFSZLIM 0x7FFFFFFF Change all the parameters that affect you. The idtune command changes SFSZLIM to the unlimited setting. You also may specify a lower value than this if you do not want it set to unlimited. You can also see each tunable parameter's current setting by doing the following (using SFSZLIM for example): # ./idtune -g SFSZLIM 0x1000000 0x1000000 0x2000 0x7FFFFFFF The first value is the current setting, the second is the default setting, the third is the minimum value, and the last is the maximum value. After all tunable paramters have been changed, you need to rebuild the kernel and shutdown the system: # ./idbuild -B # cd / ; shutdown -g0 -y ~Subject: S23) Why does my system hang after displaying the Red Logo Screen? Martin Sohnius (msohnius@novell.co.uk) explains: After a little techie conference here in the "YES, Tested and Approved" lab, we came to the following conclusion: At boot time, the original boot code performs the BIOS call to set up graphics mode. The "Loading UnixWare" logo screen is displayed while the Unix kernel is loaded. When the Unix kernel takes over, it switches the processor to 'protected mode' and among its first responsibilities is to switch the display back to VGA text. It doesn't properly do this on all Pentium/PCI machines at this stage, presumably because it's now accessing hardware directly rather than through BIOS calls. The good news is, that a work-around which we found for the installation can therefore be relied upon to work: When the red logo screen comes up during UnixWare installation (both on Boot Floppy 1 of 3 and later when it reboots after the final kernel has been built), IMMEDIATELY use the space bar to interrupt the boot process. The logo screen will disappear, and you will be prompted Enter the name of a kernel to boot: Simply hit (meaning unix), and things will proceed. Switching out of graphics mode BEFORE unix is loaded, means that the the switch is performed via the BIOS call, and thus works. Once you have installed the system successfully, rename or remove the file /stand/image. ~Subject: S24) Why do I get error messages saying "Arg list or environment too large"? By default, UnixWare limits the total size of a command's argument list to 5120 bytes - far too small a value. I regularly ran up against this limit trying to grep things in /usr/include/sys/*.h, myself. You need to increase the ARG_MAX tunable kernel parameter to get around this - see the FAQ on changing tunable parameters, and set ARG_MAX to something like 10240, or larger. ~Subject: S25) How can I add more pseudo terminals under UnixWare? Martin Sohnius (msohnius@novell.co.uk) is to be thanked for this FAQ (in which I quote both the question and the answer verbatim - makes my job easy! :-) To add more pseudo terminal devices (say, 32), perform the following steps as 'root': 1) Edit /etc/conf/mtune.d/io and increase the first value on the NSTREAM row by 32, but don't exceed 512. 2) Edit /etc/conf/sdevice.d/ptm and change the first numeric value from 16 to 32: ptm Y 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 to: ptm Y 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 3) Similarly, edit the two files /etc/conf/sdevice.d/ptem and /etc/conf/sdevice.d/consem and change the first numeric value from 16 to 32. 4) Next you need to tell the system to create the proper device nodes when the kernel is rebooted. To do this, create the following shell script /tmp/node.sh: for i in 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 do echo "pts pts/$i c $i" >> /etc/conf/node.d/pts done Make sure that node.sh is executable (chmod 755 node.sh) then run it. Also note the spacing between the strings within the quotes: between the strings 'pts' and 'pts' there is a space, between '$i' and 'c' there is a tab, and between c' and '$i' is also a tab. Look at the /etc/conf/node.d/pts file to see whether this succeeded. After you have run the scripts, 5) Run /etc/conf/bin/idbuild -B to rebuild your kernel, then reboot. ~Subject: S26) What command will correctly tell me the amount of memory in my UnixWare box? Use the memsize command (/sbin/memsize or /etc/memsize), which displays the kernel's concept of how much memory it has available. /usr/sbin/prtconf, which gets memory information from the system BIOS, is inaccurate above 16MB of installed memory. ~Subject: S27) Why can't I do tape backups > 512MB after loading UnixWare 1.1? This is a bug in the UnixWare 1.1 tape driver. Martin Sohnius offers the fix: Download the file /netwire/nsd/ptf126.tar from the server ftp.novell.com (note: you cannot scan the directory /netwire/nsd). Unpack the tar archive, run the ptf126.run script to create a diskette, and from it load the package ptf126 onto your machine. This should fix the problem. ~Subject: S28) How can I determine the serial number of my UnixWare installation? The following will print out your UnixWare installation's serial number: cat /etc/.snum ~Subject: S29) How can I send print jobs to an HP printer with a JetDirect card? The HP JetDirect cards include software that is installed on host systems that are to send jobs to the printer. Currently, UnixWare is not among the supported platforms. Newer versions of the JetDirect card support the lpd protocol, however, allowing connection to UnixWare machines. Simply set up the printer as an ordinary remote, BSD-style printer. For older versions, a connection of sorts can be made by opening a TCP socket to port 9100 and dumping the data directly to the printer. ~Subject: S30) How do I fix mail messages being flagged as From: smtp? Paraphrased from an Andrew Josey (andrew@novell.co.uk) posting: Add the following line to /etc/mail/mailcnfg: ADD_FROM=1 The ADD_FROM entry tells the smtp daemon to add a From: line to an incoming mail message that does not already include one. This ensures a valid reply address to an incoming mail message. To provide valid return addresses on outgoing mail, edit the smtp entry in /etc/inetd.conf to read as follows: smtp stream tcp nowait smtp /usr/lib/mail/surrcmd/in.smtpd in.smtpd -r The -r flag tells the smtp daemon not to rewrite the mail headers. After making this change, send a hangup signal to inetd, or execute the following commands: sacadm -k -p inetd sacadm -s -p inetd ~Subject: S31) Why do I get errors when trying to pkgadd PCFS? Someone hacked the pkginfo file, apparently unaware that pkgadd checksums everything before installing it. To fix this, after extracting the tar archive, edit the file pcfs/pkgmap and replace the line which says 1 i pkginfo 216 18169 748905337 with 1 i pkginfo 183 14284 748905337 Thanks to Martin Sohnius (msohnius@novell.co.uk) for this fix. ~Subject: S32) Root can telnet/rlogin/etc, but ordinary users can't? ~Subject: S33) What does the message "socket: Permission denied" mean? UnixWare has, in addition to the standard file mode bits, a set of "file privileges" associated with executable files. These privileges need to be properly set for executables, such as networking utilities, to be able to access and use the resources necessary to accomplish their task. For some reason, the TCP/IP networking utilities are often installed without their file privileges properly set. To fix this, bring the system down to single-user mode by logging in as root on the console and executing the command shutdown -y -g0 -iS Then enable the TCP/IP utilities' file privileges by executing the command: /etc/inet/inet.priv -e Then reboot the system shutdown -y -g0 -i6 and the TCP/IP utilties should work properly. ~Subject: S34) How can I set up a printer for DOS/Windows users? From System_Setup->Printer_Setup, add a printer called "doslp". Type it as a "DOS Printer", no matter what it is, but set up the rest of the parameters just like normal. This means that you'll probably not want to use this from within UNIX (although, more on that later), but strictly from DOS/Windows. Well, that's why it's called "doslp". From within DOS, this printer will be accessible as LPT1: From within Windows, this printer will be accessible as LPT1.DOS. One note about the doslp printer: it essentially passes data through unfiltered. This means that if, like me, you've expected to be able to send PostScript files off to a PostScript printer typed as PostScript when set up within the UnixWare print system - and, like me, been quite annoyed when the file is converted into mountains of plain text output because you didn't specify a -T option (and is the correct -T option "postscript", "Postscript", "PostScript", or just plain "PS"?) - you might then find the doslp printer convenient. Indeed, I have tested it, and the following: lp -d doslp file.ps does precisely what you'd expect. ~Subject: S35) UnixWare install tells me there aren't 120MB free, but there's much more! Probably it didn't recognize your host bus adapter (HBA), and hence doesn't see a SCSI disk out there to install onto. In that case, you'll need an HBA diskette from your SCSI adapter vendor to supply to the installation process when it asks for one. ~Subject: S36) How can boot UnixWare/NT/OS2/etc all from the same hard drive? Scott G. Hall (sgh@cbvox1.cb.att.com) has one possibility: There is a commercial product available to switch between operating systems that I suspect loads as the primary bootmanager for the harddisk. The product is called "System Commander" from V Communications San Jose, CA 800-648-8266 (408-296-4224) Check out their ad in Dr. Dobb's Journal, August '94, p.58, and an apparent review in PC Magazine, May 31 '94 (per their ad). ~Subject: S37) Can I use UnixWare with IDE drives larger than 528MB? Terry Lambert (terry@cs.weber.edu) delivers the bad news: The current IDE standard doesn't support > 528M -- period. There *is* a new standard (ATA) that will. There are also three other methods of pushing out the size; the first is by stealing 2 unused bits to use a 12 bit (instead of 10 bit) cylinder address. This gives you 4096 cylinders instead of 1024. The second method is doing what UNIX does, and using sector offset addressing -- that is, use an absolute sector offset instead of a C/H/S address (this is the one WD is pushing, but it means throwing away BIOS). The third and final method is by taking your two drive slots and *logically* pretending that a 1G drive is two 528M drives (menaing you are now limited to one drive). Now the good news: with the exception of logically splitting the drive into two drives, all these approaches mean new controller hardware, at the least, or a new bus interface (meaning news controllers, cables, and drives) at most. So at least you get new hardware out of it. 8-(. The probable reason UnixWare isn't supporting the 1G drive is that it uses the logical drive splitting, and the idiots who manufactured the controller were only interested in the DOS market, so they did the tricks in BIOS using weird (non-ST506/WD interfaced) hardware, so it would take a hardware driver to support the interface card. ~Subject: S38) What are "PTF"s and where do I find them? A PTF is a "Program Temporary Fix", aka, a patch. The central location for PTFs is: ftp://ftp.novell.com/pub/netwire/nsd ~Subject: S39) There's nothing in the PTF directory?! The files are there, you just can't get a listing of them if you are outside the Novell domain. Darren Davis of Novell's Developer Support organization explains: We try to limit distribution of PTFs for a reason. When a user calls us about a bug in the system and this bug definately needs to be fixed quickly, our CPR team (the team that generates PTFs) goes to work and tries to implement a fix. This fix has a short term development cycle with a short term test cycle. *NO* integration testing is performed on PTFs, that is reserved for updates. This means that two PTF fixes could be hazardous if applied together. It takes a lot of integration testing to verify the interaction of the fixes involved. So we try to remain involved in the configuration management of a users machine to limit this potential problem with PTFs. It is our intention that PTFs are incorporated into updates which have had full integration testing and then are generally distributed. Users that do not observe our warning and get a hold of these PTFs, or more specifically other files stored in /pub/netwire/nsd that where meant to have a limited distribution are taking their machines configuration and well being into their own hands, *BE WARNED*. Maybe this analogy will help you understand the ramifications; The directory /pub/netwire/nsd is like a pharmacy with the prescription medications stored behind the counter. Other medications are provided over the counter (/pub/unixware directories). The UnixWare Support Engineers are like doctors who can prescribe a medication that they understand to their patients (giving them file names). Now we believe that the doctors and pharmicists should fully understand the implications of using a medication or its interaction with other medications. Using some medications or using them incorrectly *CAN CAUSE DEATH*. Mixing two medications that should not be mixed also *CAN CAUSE DEATH*. That is why we recommend patients to not sneak behind the counter and take medications without advice from their doctors. When the FDA (The CPR and update team) approves a drug for distribution it becomes an over the counter drug (updates). ~Subject: S40) How do I install a package (like PTFs) that I've pulled off the net? Someone (probably Martin Sohnius) posted the following advice: Usual method: For *most* ptf's, once you have un-tarred the stuff, you'll have a file whose name ends in .txt, and possibly a read.me file. Read those. Then, usually, there will be a file ending in *.run, and one or more other files. When you run the *.run script like this (as root): sh *.run you'll be presented with a menu which includes "install now" (or similar) as an option. Exceptional method: ptf130, and also some others like ptf619 (Kumar's video drivers), are exceptions to this rule. After un-tarring, there is no *.run file, only a (big) file called ptf130. This file is in "package stream format". You can verify this by the command # hd ptf130 | head -2 0000 23 20 50 61 43 6b 41 67 45 20 44 61 54 61 53 74 # PaCkAgE DaTaSt 0010 52 65 41 6d 0a 70 74 66 31 33 30 20 31 20 39 35 ReAm.ptf130 1 95 Normally, you would copy this file to a diskette, cat ptf130 > /dev/rdsk/f0t and you can then use pkgadd -d diskette1 To load directly from the hard disk, do: pkgadd -d `pwd`/ptf130 ~Subject: S41) Why can't files larger than 8MB be created? UnixWare by default sets a file size limit of 8MB, both via the kernel tunable parameters SFSZLIM & the HFSZLIM (soft and hard file size limit, respectively) and via the "ULIMIT=" line in /etc/default/login (the default login profile file) or in a user's .profile (or .cshrc &c) file. See the FAQ section on changing kernel tunables for information on how to increase SFSZLIM and HFSZLIM; you can edit /etc/default/login or ~/.profile by hand. Martin adds: It's best to remember that the symbolic value "unlimited" will always work. Thus ULIMIT=unlimited in /etc/default/login, and ulimit unlimited from the command line. (BTW, that sets it to 7FFFFFFF, the biggest signed long.) ~Subject: S42) DOS won't run; says it's "Improperly installed". Help? If you're getting errors such as the following: % dos +x IMPROPER_INSTL: dos: ERROR: Improperly installed. Permission mode incorrect and/or ownership is wrong. try the following advice from Martin Sohnius (msohnius@novell.co.uk): /usr/bin/dos is a so-called "privileged file", and *any* modification of its inode modification time such as by chmod or chgrp or of its contents (such as adding a virus) will scupper the privileges. As root, you *should* get: # filepriv /usr/bin/dos fixed macupgrade,loadmod If you don't get any privileges listed, do this: # grep /usr/bin/dos /etc/security/tcb/privs 307512:39868:764947112:%fixed,loadmod,macupgrade:/usr/bin/dos # ls -l /usr/bin/dos -r-xr-xr-x 2 bin sys 307512 Apr 28 1993 /usr/bin/dos # sum -r /usr/bin/dos 39868 601 /usr/bin/dos Then check that the first two fields of the entry in the privs file match the size and checksum of your /usr/bin/dos -- we wouldn't want to catch a virus, would we? Then do: # filepriv -f macupgrade,loadmod /usr/bin/dos Happily, there is a shell script (/usr/lib/merge/instdx.sh) that automates the procedure of fixing the permissions on /usr/bin/dos. Simply run this script as root to accomplish this task. This shell script only fixes /usr/bin/dos, however; it will not deal with any other executables (DOS or otherwise) whose file privileges have been munged somehow. ~Subject: S43) What non-SCSI CD-ROMs are supported by UnixWare? The following non-SCSI CD-ROM drives are supported by UnixWare 1.1 out of the box: * Sony CD 31A * Sony CD 535 * Philips LMS CM205 * Philips LMS CM255 There are drivers on the ftp servers for the following devices: * Mitsumi CRMC-LU005S [but not the FX] jpltech@aol.com adds: I recently used a Sony CDU-33A (follow-on to the 31) with a SMS31083 controller to install UW PE 1.1. The only problem was that the controller IO address had to be changed from the factory defaults to what Unixware 1.1 wanted. ~Subject: S44) How can I set/change the system owner? See the man page for make-owner, which adds, deletes or transfers ownership privileges for various usernames. The executable is /usr/X/adm/make-owner. Thanks to Terry Lambert (terry@cs.weber.edu). ~Subject: S45) Can I use my Mouse Systems mouse in 3-button mode? No. At least, not with the stock USL server. You must use Mouse Systems rodents in 2-button mode (flip the little switch on its underbelly). Some other (non-Novell) X servers might support the Mouse Systems mouse in 3-button mode (one that I know of is the old Snitily server; I don't know if the XInside servers carry forward this practice or not). I replaced the Mouse Systems device I got with my Mobius system (which used to have the Snitily server on board) with a Logitech "First Mouse". This latter device does work in three-button mode, and is very comfortable (IMO) to work with. Your mileage may vary, of course. ~Subject: S46) Some files copied from UNIX to NetWare simply disappear. What gives? If you've copied files from the UNIX domain onto a NetWare server, and some or all seem to have disappeared (as viewed from a DOS box), first try listing the directory into which you've copied the files with the NetWare "ndir" command. You may find that the recently copied files have the "System" and/or "Hidden" attribute set on the DOS side, either of which causes the files to be invisible when viewed with an unaided "dir" command. The cause of this is the imperfect mapping of UNIX mode bits into NetWare/DOS attributes. Files with an "execute" mode bit set on the UNIX side, for example, will have the "system" attribute set on the DOS side. To fix this, simply remove execute permissions on the UNIX side prior to transferring the files. Or, if the files have already been transferred, use the DOS "attrib" command to remove the "System" and/or "Hidden" attributes. ~Subject: S47) What does /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 mean, anyway? The two directories /dev/dsk and /dev/rdsk contain device nodes for the block I/O drivers (suitable for mounting as filesystems) and raw disk partitions, respectively. The following chart, by Martin Sohnius, explains the naming scheme of these device nodes: /dev/[r]dsk/c?t?d?s? ^ ^ ^ ^ | | | |_____ slice number (0 - f) | | | | | |_______ logical unit number (almost always 0) | | | |_________ SCSI ID (for IDE drives: 0 or 1) | |___________ controller number (0 for primary -- boot) In somewhat more detail: * The controller number refers to the disk controller. The primary controller, off of which the system boots, is always zero. Note that this numbering scheme encompasses both IDE and SCSI controllers. * The target number identifies the particular unit connected to a disk controller. For SCSI disks, the target number is the same as the SCSI address of the disk. For IDE drives, the target is 0 or 1, identifying the two possible drives on an IDE chain. * The logical unit number distinguishes among multiple units multiplexed onto a single SCSI or IDE target. It is almost always 0, specifying the first (and only) unit at that target. (It may be used to distinguish among multiple disks in a RAID configuration - can anyone help the FAQ maintainer on this question?) * The slice number identifies which of up to sixteen possible disk slices is referred to. In the case of the nodes in /dev/dsk, these slices correspond to mountable filesystems. ~Subject: S48) What does /dev/dsk/0s0 mean? To simplify access to device nodes (which otherwise, by the /dev/dsk/c?t?d?s? scheme, would require detailed knowledge of disk layouts, the primary and secondary drives on a system are also available via the nodes /dev/[r]dsk/[01]s[0-F] Here the first number in the node name, always 0 or 1, identifies the primary or secondary disk. The second number identifies which slice of up to fifteen is being referred to. Hence, /dev/dsk/0s0 refers to the first slice on the primary disk, while /dev/dsk/1s0 refers to the first slice on the secondary disk. This naming scheme only covers the first two drives on the system, subsequent disk drives must be accessed by the nodes /dev/[r]dsk/c?t?d?s?. ~Subject: S49) How can I restore file privileges after a cpio restore? As many sysadmins have discovered, simply restoring files with their original mode bits is not sufficient in UnixWare. In addition to the standard UNIX file access modes, UnixWare adds on certain file "privileges" for enhanced security. Unfortunately, these privileges are not retained across a cpio backup and restore. Greg Kable of Novell Sydney provides the following shell script, to be run as root, to restore these privileges: #!/bin/sh sed 's/:/ /g' /etc/security/tcb/privs | while read code1 code2 code3 privs file do filepriv echo "$privs" | sed -e s/%fixed,/ -f /' -e 's/%inher,/ -i /' $file done _ttyoff _faq(How can I get my Etherlink III (3C509) card to work?) UnixWare 1.1s problems with the 3C509 card are legendary. The root cause seems to be the card's design, which use an I/O scheme that's tight and fast and safe under DOS, but gives fits to multitasking operating systems like UnixWare. Not to put the entire blame on the card, it also turns out that a slight deficiency in one part of the UnixWare kernel's I/O system was outed by the 3C509. At any rate, the following three-step program should get you back on the right track with the Etherlink III: * Bring your system up to version 1.1.2, by installing updates 1.1.2 and 1.1.1 as necessary. * Apply patch ptf648. This installs a new 3C509 driver. * Apply patch ptf192. This fixes the kernel I/O deficiency. ~Subject: S50) Does UnixWare implement full NIS client capability? Upgrade your system to version 1.1.2 to obtain full NIS client capability. DEVELOPER ~Subject: D1) What books on UnixWare programming might I read/purchase? First, the UNIX Press volumes: Title ISBN # - Programming Series - UNIX Software Development Tools 0-13-017690-7 Programming in Standard C 0-13-017666-4 Programming with UNIX System Calls 0-13-017674-5 Character User Interface Programming 0-13-042581-8 Graphical User Interface Programming 0-13-042698-9 Network Programming Interfaces 0-13-017641-9 Device Driver Programming 0-13-042623-7 STREAMS Modules and Drivers 0-13-066879-6 Portable Device Interface 0-13-066838-9 - Reference Series - Command Reference (a-l) 0-13-042699-0 Command Reference (m-z) 0-13-042607-5 Operating System API Reference 0-13-017658-3 Windowing System Reference 0-13-017716-4 System Files and Devices Reference 0-13-017682-6 Device Driver Reference 0-13-042631-8 No UNIX programmer should be caught without the Stevens' books: Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment W. Richard Stevens Addison-Wesley, 1992 ISBN 0-201-56317-7 UNIX Network Programming W. Richard Stevens Prentice Hall, 1990 ISBN 0-13-949876-1 Donald Lewine's POSIX programming guide is also indispensable as a reference for "which standard defines what API?" kind of questions: POSIX Programmer's Guide Donald Lewine O'Reilly and Associates, Inc. ISBN 0-937175-73-0 ~Subject: D2) Are there alternatives for programmers to the UnixWare SDK? The Prime Time Freeware SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1, is a "complete, stand-along development system" for UnixWare and similar Intel SVR4.2 Unix systems. This is a Rock Ridge CD-ROM containing all the major GNU development tools (gcc, gdb, &c), X, InterViews, Tk and "much much more", plus a 100+ page user's guide. Univel provided Prime Time with the necessary #include files and static C libraries to make this product a usable standalone system. Prime Time SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1 ISBN 1-88 1957-12-8 Steve Zwaska, Editor Prime Time Freeware 370 Altair Way, #150 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 +1 408 433 9662 Voice +1 408 433 0727 FAX ptf@cfcl.com ~Subject: D3) I installed the Prime Time SDK, and now I can't log in?! Some permissions were not set properly by the SDK install for release 2-0. The fix is to su to root and: chmod -R go+rx /usr/include chmod -R go+rx /usr/lib There is a sticker on the CD-ROM envelope informing users of this need, but it seems to have been accidentally left off of some early shipments. Steve Zwaska (stz@netcom.com) notes of these trials and tribulations: There is a FTP site for the corrected Install scripts and make_links at ftp.netcom.com - pub/ptsdk/movers.uu These problems have been fixed in release 2-1 of the PTSDK. ~Subject: D4) Does UnixWare version 1.1 bundle Motif? Yes. Motif 1.2 runtime libraries and the Motif Window Manager are included in UnixWare 1.1. ~Subject: D5) How do I avoid problems programming with the UCB compatibility libraries? There are two problems that are typically encountered when compiling/linking code that uses Berklisms: * Undefined symbols at link time * Incompatibilities between the SysV header files and the UCB libraries C code using Berklisms such as index/rindex will generate "undefined symbol" messages for each of the BSD-specific functions. To get around this, you have one of two options: * Option A: Straight UCB compile Compile with the "UCB" compiler (/usr/ucb/cc). This is actually a shell script wrapper around the standard C compiler (/usr/ccs/bin/cc) that sets up the necessary #include and library paths. This is the path to take if you want a more "pure" BSD environment for your development. * Option B: SysV compile with Berkeley extensions If you want a SysV environment, but need to link in some functions only available in the BSD library (eg, you'll replace gethostname() with uname() later), simply link in the UCB libraries _after_ the standard (SysV) libraries. For example: cc -o foo foo.c -lc -L /usr/ucblib -lucb Note the order of the library specifications, and that "-lc" should precede the UCB library specification to resolve all possible synonyms against the SysV library, rather than the BSD library. Be careful exercising option (b), however. Merely linking against the UCB library, without the preceding "-lc", will cause code to be compiled against the SysV #include files (located in /usr/include) and then linked against the UCB libraries: cc -o foo foo.c -L /usr/ucblib -lucb # Don't do this (Note that an implicit "-lc" is appended to the command line.) Differences in such things as structure sizes between the SysV #includes and the UCB libraries can wreak all kinds of havoc - as your friendly FAQ maintainer discovered in just this fashion when trying to use setjmp in a source module that also called some UCB functions. One way to get around this is to insert a "-I /usr/ucbinclude" directive into the command line, but this is essentially the effect of using /usr/ucb/cc. On this general topic, I'll include some notes from the net. Gordon W. Ross observes: I just wanted to mention here that most people I have helped with porting problems related to the dirent or directory libraries have caused their own problems by incorrectly using the UCB library. The directory(3) routines in the UCB library only work with the header files in /usr/ucbinclude so if you fail to put that in your include path and just link with -lucb you end up with seriously broken programs. The stuff in /usr/ucbinclude/ and /usr/ucblib/ was meant to be used by /usr/ucb/cc only, and when used that way it (mostly) works. I have usually found it easiest to just stay away from the UCB library entirely. I would advise others to do the same. (The UCB library has well known problems in signal and some dbm functions.) Robert Withrow (witr@rwwa.com) adds: In addition, checking the following things will almost always yield a working port for any reasonably `well behaved program': 1 Replace bcopy et.al with the apropriate memcpy functions... #define bcopy(b1,b2,len) memmove((b2), (b1), (size_t)(len)) #define bzero(b,len) memset((b), 0, (size_t)(len)) #define bcmp(b1,b2,len) memcmp((b1), (b2), (size_t)(len)) 2 Replace index and rindex approprately: #define index(a,b) strchr((a),(b)) #define rindex(a,b) strrchr((a),(b)) 3 Don't use the SVR4 library's signal() routine, [use sigaction instead ...] /* Reliable signals */ /* This was taken from Stevens... */ #include typedef void Sigfunc(int); Sigfunc *signal(int signo, Sigfunc *func) { struct sigaction act, oact; act.sa_handler = func; sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask); act.sa_flags = 0; if (signo != SIGALRM) { act.sa_flags |= SA_ESTART; } if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) < 0) return(SIG_ERR); return(oact.sa_handler); } 4 Replace random with lrand #define random() lrand48() #define srandom(seed) srand48((seed)) 5 Replace the bsd readdir code with the Posix code (requires changing an include file and a declaration usually, but also perhaps a symbol with a strlen.) 6 Replace wait3 and wait4 with posix wait code. This is complicated because some code *writes* into the values that posix only provides read access to. Lest all this seem too dreadfully complicated, Rick Richardson (rick@digibd.com) shrugs: Its much easier to port stuff than most people think. I've found that 99.99% of applications with BSDisms can be ported by simply compiling normally, but linking with -lc -lucb. This resolves the SVR4 C library first, avoiding problems with dirent and the like, but also lets you pick up any BSD-isms like random(), index(), etc. Really, its painless. ~Subject: D6) Where can I get Emacs? An emacs 19.22 binary can be found at ftp.novell.de://pub/unixware/usle/BINARIES A UnixWare 1.x binary is available as emacs-19.22.tar.gz, while a version 2.0 binary is available as emacs-19.22.UW2.0.gz. Note that you will need the GNU program gunzip to uncompress these files. This is conveniently located in the same directory as gzip-1.2.4.tar. The Prime Time SDK CD-ROM mentioned earlier also contains Emacs (version 18.59.2). ~Subject: D7) How can I compile X clients without a complete X11 source tree? Pat Campbell of Novell USG writes: To compile most if not all X clients WITHOUT a complete X tree use: imake -I/usr/X/lib/config -DUseInstalled ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Not necessary if you have set IMAKEINCLUDE environment variable. The "-DUseInstalled" directs imake to use the installed include and library files. Special note for motif applications: You will need three more libraries, -lXm -lXIM -lgen, during the link stage. I prepend them to the following variables within the Imakefile like this. LOCAL_LIBRARIES = -lXm -lXIM [ whatever was already here ] SYS_LIBRARIES = -lgen [ whatever was already here ] This is a working solution, not necessarily the correct/elegant solution :-) ~Subject: D8) I've now got 1.1. Where's my SDK? The UnixWare software development kit (SDK) ships separately from the base UnixWare operating system. ~Subject: D9) I've now got the 1.1 SDK. Where's xab? xab (X Application Builder) has been removed from the SDK distribution as of release 1.1. It is still available from Integrated Computer Solutions (1-800-800-4271), however. xab _was_ contained in its own package, however, thus you might try pkgadd'ing to to a 1.1 system. Be forewarned, however, that this is NOT SUPPORTED by Novell. Also, the xab in the 1.0 release is a MoOLIT version; one will have to go to ICS for the pure Motif version. ~Subject: D10) What library do I need for XmbTextListToTextProperty [&c]? Link with -lXIM if you are getting "Undefined symbol" errors on XmbTextListToTextProperty or XmbTextPropertyToTextList. ~Subject: D11) How about regcmp and regex? Add -lgen to your link list. ~Subject: D12) I get major errors compiling tin. What gives? This should by now be a classic problem in compiling tin under UnixWare (1.0 at least, I don't know if 1.1 fixed this particular bug). If you're trying to compile tin, and the make chokes on the first source file with messages like the following: "/usr/include/sys/termios.h", line 503: (struct) tag redeclared: winsize active.c, line 615: warning: argument is incompatible with prototype: arg #4 active.c, line 616: warning: argument is incompatible with prototype: arg #4 make: fatal error. then you've been bitten by a known bug in one of the UnixWare system header files. You can do one of two things to compile tin under UnixWare: * Fix the header file. Change all occurrences of _IO_PT_PTEM_H to _IO_PTEM_H in the file /usr/include/sys/ptem.h. * Hack the tin header file tin.h, which is what I did. At line 130 in tin.h, you'll find two #include directives, and . Place the following #define between these two #includes: #define _IO_PTEM_H This works around the problem with the system header files, if you're not excited about modifying them (or don't have su privileges). ~Subject: D13) Where can I get the Pentium compiler patch? From a recent announcement: This update is available to customers who purchased the UnixWare Software Development Kit and Personal Utilities Release 1.1. It will also be included in the UnixWare 1.1.1 update, a maintenance release for UnixWare 1.1. The UnixWare 1.1.1 update will be available on the Internet and NetWire. Watch for an announcement soon. UnixWare customers can obtain the update using any of the following four methods: 1. Internet The update can be retrieved via anonymous FTP from the following sites: ftp.novell.com (137.65.1.3):/pub/unixware/UNXWRE11/DVLPR/ptf134.tar ftp.novell.de (193.97.1.1):/pub/unixware/Developer_Support/ptf134.tar 2. NetWire (Novell's CompuServe forum) 1. Type "go unixware" at the CompuServe prompt. 2. Select "3 LIBRARIES (Files)" at the "Novell UnixWare Forum" Menu. 3. Select "3 Developer Support" at the "Novell UnixWare Forum Libraries" Menu. For more information on NetWire, call 1-800-NETWARE. For CompuServe account information, call CompuServe directly: Australia Toll Free 008-23-158 Direct +61 2 410 4555 United Kingdom Toll Free 0800-289-458 Direct +44 272 255111 Germany Toll Free 0130 86 46 43 Direct +49 89 66 55 0 222 US, Canada & Toll Free (800) 524-3388 other countries Direct (614) 457-8650 3. Electronic mail Send electronic mail requesting the update to devunix@novell.com. 4. FAX Fax your request for the update to 801-568-8699. ~Subject: D14) Why do I get "Undefined symbols" when compiling socket applications? System V doesn't include the socket libraries in libc, as does Berklix. Add the following two libraries to your libraries list in the link command line: -lsocket -lnsl ~Subject: D15) In what library is defined? Beyond socket libraries, if you're getting undefined symbols at link time and are stumped as to why, try the following shell script: --- Cut here and save to "who_defines", then "chmod +x who_defines"--- #!/bin/sh if [ $# -ne 1 ] then echo "Usage: who_defines function_name" >&2 exit 1 fi # You may need to add library directories to this list. LIBDIRS=" /usr/lib /usr/ccs/lib /usr/X/lib /usr/ucblib" for dir in $LIBDIRS do for lib in $dir/*.a $dir/*.so do if [ -r "$lib" ] then nm -px $lib | sed -n '/T \<'$1'\>/p' 2>/dev/null | while read ans do echo $lib:$ans done fi done done --- End of "who_defines" --- To determine where a symbol (eg, bind) is defined: % who_defines bind /usr/lib/libsocket.a:0x000000c0 T bind /usr/lib/libsocket.so:0x00008050 T bind Note that, as above, you will often get multiple answers. Here, we see that bind itself is in the socket directory (the .a and .so are the static and dynamic libraries, respectively). The library name is the path that precedes the colon; your ld command line should thus include the entry: -lsocket ~Subject: D16) Why does my linker die with memory errors when building ? Linking large objects requires some resources beyond this configured into the basic UnixWare kernel. You need to increase the following tunables. SDATLIM HDATLIM SSTKLIM HSTKLIM SVMMLIM HVMMLIM See the FAQ on changing kernel tunable parameters for further information. ~Subject: D17) Why does the configure script hang when building Emacs 19.xx? David Spencer (spencer@panix.com) explains: The UnixWare cc doesn't parse the emacs configure script correctly, and passes the wrong dope to the preprocessor. You have three options: * Use gcc. gcc understands the configure file. gcc builds easily under UW. Don"t use the gnu binutils, just gcc. * Use the UnixWare preprocessor directly. Somebody know how to do this? It"s in some readme file somewhere, I think. * Get the emacs binary as indicated in the FAQ. ~Subject: D18) "man" denies knowing about many Standard C functions. What gives? Kevin Brannen (kbrannen@metronet.com) has become UnixWare's "Master of Man Pages": First, make sure you've gone thru the "Guide to Fixing Man". (I've sent Martin a note asking him to talk to Andrew Josey about putting my "Guide to Fixing Man" on the mail-server there at novell.co.uk.) Now do "apropos command" or "man -k command", you should see the topic to do a man on. For example, "man strchr" returns: No manual entry for strchr. So do "apropos strchr", which returns: string: strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strdup, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok, strstr (3C) - string operations which tells you that you should do "man 3c string". Famous groupings that hide a lot of functions but which have no corresponding function are: string, memory, directory, trig, and exec. ~Subject: D19) Where can I get C++ for UnixWare? The following was lifted directly from a Novell announcement: The C++ Compilation System 2.0 for UnixWare 1.1 is available for the suggested retail price of U.S. $99 in CD ROM and QIC-24 tape formats. To order in the U.S. or Canada, call 1-800-457-1767 or fax (317) 364-8888. Outside North America call, +31-55-384279 or fax +31-55-434455. -------------------- Trademarks &c Unix is a registered trademark, licensed exclusively by X/Open Co., Ltd. Novell, NetWare and UnixWare are trademarks of Novell, Inc. Windows will probably become a trademark of Microsoft Corp. after all. Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corporation in the USA and other countries NetWire is a registered service mark of Novell, Inc. -- Jim Vlcek I came, vlcek@byteware.com I saw, The Black Box of Lowertown I posted. Beautiful downtown St. Paul